4-Methyl-2-Benzothiazolehydrazine

What Limits the Quantification of Aliphatic Aldehydes via MBTH Derivatisation in Aqueous Matrices?

The oxidative coupling of 4-methyl-2-benzothiazole hydrazone with aliphatic aldehydes produces a cationic azine dye that absorbs sharply at 635 nm, enabling spectrophotometric determination in water, condensates, and industrial effluents. A working reagent is prepared by dissolving 0.4 g of MBTH hydrochloride monohydrate in 100 mL of deionised water, kept at 4°C and usable within 72 hours. In a typical batch assay, a 2.5 mL sample aliquot is acidified to pH 2.0 with 0.1 M HCl, treated with 0.5 mL of MBTH solution, and allowed to stand for 30 minutes at 25±1°C. Oxidation is triggered by adding 0.2 mL of 1% ferric chloride in 0.1 M sulphamic acid, which quenches residual nitrite interference and converts the leuco intermediate quantitatively. After a further 60 minutes, absorbance is read against a reagent blank in a 10 mm quartz cuvette on a double-beam spectrophotometer with a spectral bandwidth of 2 nm. The calibration function for formaldehyde is linear from 0.05 to 5.0 mg/L (R² ≥ 0.998); the molar absorptivity coefficient reaches 6.5×10⁴ L·mol⁻¹·cm⁻¹. Ketones, aromatic amines, and sulphide ions interfere positively and must be removed by distillation or masked with hydroxylamine hydrochloride at pH 4.0. Process analysers employing segmented flow injection (SFA) with dialysis pretreatment can achieve a sample throughput of 30 h⁻¹ and a detection limit of 8 µg/L, as validated per ISO 8466-1 for linear calibration. Field data from wood-panel manufacturing wastewater monitoring shows that elevated phenol loads above 20 mg/L cause a negative bias exceeding 15% due to competitive diazo coupling; dilution and standard addition are mandatory in such matrices. The protocol aligns with the derivatisation philosophy of US EPA Method 8315 for carbonyl compounds, though a dedicated ASTM method for the MBTH reagent is not published, and the quality assurance framework follows ISO/TS 13530:2009 for water analysis. The reagent is classified as a skin sensitiser under REACH, and laboratory handling requires nitrile gloves and local exhaust ventilation.

Photometric characteristics of MBTH derivatives for selected carbonyl compounds

Carbonyl compound

λ_max (nm)

ε (L·mol^-1·cm^-1)

Linear range (mg/L)

Notable interferent

Formaldehyde

635

6.5×10⁴

0.05–5.0

Sulphide (positive bias)

Acetaldehyde

640

6.0×10⁴

0.1–6.0

Aromatic amines

Propionaldehyde

638

5.8×10⁴

0.1–5.0

Phenols (negative bias)

Benzaldehyde

650

4.2×10⁴

0.2–10

Ketones above 50 mg/L

The manufacture of C.I. Basic Yellow 28 and related benzothiazole-azo methine dyes commences with the diazotisation of 4-methyl-2-benzothiazole hydrazine and its coupling with N,N-dialkyl aniline derivatives. In a 500 L glass-lined reactor equipped with anchor agitator and brine jacket, 35.0 kg (ca. 0.195 kmol) of the hydrazine is slurried in 120 L of 30% hydrochloric acid at -3 to 0°C. A 40% aqueous sodium nitrite solution (14.1 kg, 0.204 kmol) is metered below the liquid surface over 90 min while maintaining the temperature below 2°C; starch-iodide paper confirms persisting nitrous acid at the endpoint. The resulting diazonium salt is cleared by addition of 0.5 kg sulphamic acid to destroy excess nitrite. Coupling is performed in a separate 1000 L vessel where 28.5 kg (0.194 kmol) of N,N-diethyl-m-toluidine is dissolved in 300 L of demineralised water with 8.0 kg acetic acid and 15 kg sodium acetate trihydrate to buffer the pH at 4.2±0.3. The diazo stream is transferred under nitrogen pressure into the coupling bath over 60 min; the internal temperature is held at 8-10°C to prevent decomposition of the azo compound. After stirring for an additional 4 hours, the precipitated dye is filtered on a plate-and-frame press at 0.35 MPa, washed with 5% sodium chloride solution, and dried in a vacuum shelf dryer at 60°C and -0.09 MPa until moisture content falls below 0.5%. The crude dye is standardised to a colour strength of 200% relative to a reference batch by blending with dextrin. Fastness testing according to ISO 105-C06:2010 (multiple wash) and ISO 105-B02:2014 (xenon arc) on acrylic fabric reveals a light fastness rating of 4-5 and a wash change rating of 4, acceptable for fashion and home textile applications. Critical process controls include the strict separation of diazotisation and coupling vessels to avoid premature tar formation and the real-time monitoring of coupling pH; a drift above 5.0 accelerates hydrolysis of the diazonium group, dropping yield from the typical 85-88% to below 50%. Wastewater from the coupling step carries 10-12% sodium acetate and is subjected to nanofiltration recovery before biological treatment to meet EU Directive 2010/75/EU on industrial emissions.

When Controlled Cyclocondensation with Carbon Disulfide Yields 5-(4-Methylbenzothiazol-2-yl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol, What Herbicidal Activity Profiles Emerge?

The conversion of 4-methyl-2-benzothiazole hydrazine into a 1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol scaffold is achieved via base-catalysed cyclisation with carbon disulfide. Into a 200 L stainless steel reactor charged with 95 kg ethanol and 22.0 kg (0.123 kmol) of the hydrazine, 10.5 kg (0.138 kmol) carbon disulfide is slowly added at 20°C while purging the headspace with nitrogen to maintain an oxygen level below 2%. Potassium hydroxide (15.4 kg, 0.275 kmol, dissolved in 30 kg water) is dosed over 45 minutes, causing an exotherm to 55°C. The mixture is then heated to reflux (78°C) and held for 6 hours. Evolved hydrogen sulphide is scrubbed through a 15% sodium hydroxide column with a counter-current packed bed. Upon cooling to 5°C, the potassium salt of the thiadiazole-thiol precipitates; acidification with 20% sulphuric acid to pH 3.0 liberates the free thiol as a cream-coloured solid, which is vacuum-filtered and recrystallised from 70% aqueous ethanol to yield 25.1 kg (73% yield) of product having a melting point of 208-210°C (lit. 206-208°C) and a purity above 98.5% by HPLC (C18 column, acetonitrile/water 70:30 v/v, 254 nm). The thiadiazole-thiol constitutes the key building block for sulfonylurea herbicide analogues and acts as a metal chelator in protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) inhibitor research. Bioassays on Amaranthus retroflexus indicate an EC₅₀ value of 45 g a.i./ha in early post-emergence, though published data for this specific configuration is limited to internal registrant study summaries submitted under Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009. Process safety considerations demand attention to the highly toxic and flammable nature of carbon disulfide; the plant is designed with explosion-proof electrical classification Zone 1 per ATEX 2014/34/EU and continuous hydrogen sulphide area monitors set to alarm at 10 ppm. Product destined for field trials must test below 50 mg/kg of residual hydrazine, determined by derivatisation GC-MS per an in-house method adapted from the elemental impurities approach of USP <233>.

As a bifunctional synthon, 4-methyl-2-benzothiazole hydrazone participates in heterocyclisation with isothiocyanates to assemble triazoline-thione cores found in investigational anti-tubercular and antifungal agents. In a typical laboratory-scale sequence, 1.79 g (10 mmol) of the hydrazine is suspended in 20 mL of anhydrous N,N-dimethylformamide under a nitrogen blanket; 1.05 equivalents of 4-chlorophenyl isothiocyanate are injected, and the mixture is stirred at 80°C for 12 hours. Thin-layer chromatography (silica gel 60 F₂₅₄, ethyl acetate/hexane 1:1) confirms consumption of the starting material. The intermediate thiosemicarbazide is not isolated; instead, 2.0 equivalents of triethylamine are added, and the reaction is heated to 110°C for 8 hours to effect cyclodehydration. After cooling, the mixture is poured into 200 mL of ice water, and the precipitate is collected and purified by flash chromatography. Yield of the pure triazoline-thione averages 55-60%, a figure that is highly sensitive to moisture – Karl Fischer titration of the DMF must show water content below 0.01% or the yield drops owing to S-alkylation side-reactions. Manufacturers scaling this route in pilot plants (50 L glass-lined reactors) report that the exotherm during isothiocyanate addition can reach 15°C/min if cooling fails; therefore, jacket temperature is locked at 15°C with a high-temperature interlock at 95°C for the reaction mass. Intermediates and final drug substances are controlled under ICH Q7A GMP guidance for active pharmaceutical ingredients, with residual solvent limits meeting USP <467> and ICH Q3C. The hydrazine starting material itself is subject to a specific tight limit for free hydrazine, quantified by a derivatisation-LC/MS method reporting a limit of quantification of 5 ppm; this is essential because hydrazine is a known genotoxic impurity requiring control below 1.5 µg/day per ICH M7(R1) in the final drug product. Published data on the scale-up of this exact sequence remains sparse; therefore, contract manufacturing organisations typically conduct process safety evaluations using reaction calorimetry (Mettler Toledo RC1e) to establish adiabatic temperature rise and maximum pressure rates before committing to multi-kilogram campaigns.

Thermal-Activated Mastication of Natural Rubber Compounds in the Presence of a Benzothiazole Hydrazine-Derived Sulphenamide Accelerator

The oxidative coupling of 4-methyl-2-benzothiazole hydrazine with 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT) in the presence of cyclohexylamine and sodium hypochlorite generates N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazole sulphenamide (CBS) analogues with a methyl substituent on the benzene ring, which retards scorch time without sacrificing the vulcanisation rate. Industrial synthesis is carried out in an aqueous-organic two-phase system: 34.0 kg (0.19 kmol) of the hydrazine and 31.8 kg (0.19 kmol) MBT are dissolved in 150 L toluene, cooled to 0°C, and mixed with 19.6 kg (0.198 kmol) cyclohexylamine. Sodium hypochlorite solution (active chlorine 145 g/L, 11.5 L) is dripped below the surface at -2 to 2°C over 2 hours, maintaining vigorous agitation. The organic layer is separated, washed acid-free, and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a pale yellow oil that crystallises upon standing; recrystallisation from methanol yields white platelets with a melting point of 94-96°C and a purity above 98%. This modified CBS (designated CBS-Me) is tested in a natural rubber truck tyre tread formulation: 100 phr SMR 20 natural rubber, 50 phr N330 carbon black, 5 phr ZnO, 2 phr stearic acid, 1.5 phr sulphur, and 1.0 phr CBS-Me. Mooney viscosity (ML 1+4 at 100°C) of the compound is 68 MU, and the Mooney scorch time (t₅ at 135°C) increases by 3.5 minutes relative to unsubstituted CBS, providing wider processing safety on multi-day extrusion lines. Curemetry at 150°C (MDR 2000, 0.5° arc) shows a t₉₀ of 8.2 minutes and maximum torque of 18.5 dNm. Tensile sheets cured to t₉₀ display a tensile strength of 26.2 MPa (ISO 37:2017, type 2 dumbbell), elongation at break of 520%, and tear strength of 112 N/mm (ISO 34-1:2015, trouser tear). The vulcanisate retains these properties after thermal ageing at 70°C for 14 days per ISO 188:2011, with a retention index above 85%. Storage stability of the accelerator itself presents a challenge: if exposed to relative humidity above 60% for 48 hours, free amine content rises to 0.8% (from an initial 0.05%), drastically shortening scorch time. Packaging in moisture-proof aluminium-laminated bags with a silica gel desiccant pouch, followed by storage at 25°C maximum, is mandatory before factory-floor use.

The hydrazone moiety in 4-methyl-2-benzothiazole hydrazine makes it a versatile chelator for transition metals. When reacted with 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde in absolute ethanol under reflux with catalytic glacial acetic acid, it forms a tridentate Schiff base ligand that coordinates to zinc(II) chloride in a 1:1 metal-to-ligand stoichiometry. The resultant complex, after precipitation from a tetrahydrofuran/hexane mixture, exhibits a quantum yield of 0.34 in acetonitrile solution (10⁻⁵ M) with an emission maximum at 522 nm upon excitation at 380 nm, as determined on a calibrated fluorescence spectrometer with an integrating sphere accessory (Hamamatsu Quantaurus-QY). The fluorescence intensity is selectively quenched by Hg²⁺ ions in the presence of a 1000-fold excess of Na⁺, K⁺, Ca²⁺, and Mg²⁺, enabling its use as a turn-off chemosensor for mercuric contamination in brine with a detection limit of 0.7 ppb (S/N = 3). Regeneration of the sensor film on a cellulose acetate strip requires immersion in 0.01 M EDTA for 15 minutes. This application area remains under active academic exploration; long-term photostability tests according to ISO 4892-2:2013 (xenon lamp, 0.51 W/m² at 340 nm) indicate a 22% loss of fluorescence intensity after 200 hours, necessitating encapsulation in a poly(methyl methacrylate) matrix for outdoor sensor deployment.

Typical industrial-grade specifications for 4-methyl-2-benzothiazole hydrazine across application sectors

Parameter

Photographic grade

Analytical grade

Dye intermediate grade

Pharmaceutical grade

Purity (HPLC, area%)

≥ 99.5

≥ 99.0

≥ 98.0

≥ 99.8

Melting range (°C)

176-178

175-178

174-177

176-178

Loss on drying (105°C, %)

≤ 0.2

≤ 0.3

≤ 0.5

≤ 0.1

Heavy metals (as Pb, ppm)

≤ 5

≤ 10

≤ 20

≤ 2

Free hydrazine (ppm)

≤ 50

≤ 20

≤ 100

≤ 5

Sulphated ash (%)

≤ 0.05

≤ 0.1

≤ 0.15

≤ 0.02

Reference standard

In-house QC aligned with ISO 18909

ISO/TS 13530

REACH & Oeko-Tex limits

ICH Q7A, ICH M7

4-Methyl-2-benzothiazolehydrazine (CAS 20174-69-0), systematically named 2-hydrazino-4-methyl-1,3-benzothiazole, is supplied as a pale-yellow to off-white crystalline powder with a molecular weight of 179.24 g·mol⁻¹. The compound is typically packaged under inert gas in amber glass vials to preserve hydrazine functionality against autoxidation during storage. Batches released for analytical derivatisation applications are controlled to a minimum purity of 98.5% (HPLC, λ = 254 nm), with the principal impurity being the corresponding azine formed via trace dissolved oxygen ingress during recrystallisation. Production-scale crystallisation from toluene/n-heptane mixtures yields a product with a melting endotherm onset at 141.5 ± 1.2 °C (DSC, 10 K·min⁻¹), a value that shifts downward by 2–3 °C when the methyl positional isomer ratio deviates beyond 0.3% as quantified by ¹H NMR integration.

Distinguishing 4-Methyl-2-benzothiazolehydrazine from Structurally Analogous Hydrazine Reagents

The presence of the electron-donating methyl group at the 4-position of the benzothiazole ring differentiates this hydrazine from unsubstituted 2-hydrazinobenzothiazole and from 2-hydrazino-6-methylbenzothiazole. In pre-column derivatisation of short-chain aliphatic aldehydes (C₁–C₅) for reversed-phase HPLC, the 4-methyl substitution introduces a steric hindrance adjacent to the hydrazone bond that retards syn/anti isomer interconversion at room temperature. Consequently, chromatograms of formaldehyde- and acetaldehyde-derived hydrazones exhibit a single, sharp peak with a plate count per metre of column length exceeding 80,000 (5 µm C18, 150 × 4.6 mm), whereas the corresponding derivatives of 2-hydrazinobenzothiazole often display split peaks unless the column temperature is raised to 35 °C. This room-temperature peak singularity translates directly into lower integration error (RSD < 1.2% at 0.5 µg·mL⁻¹) in automated overnight sequence runs on UHPLC systems equipped with thermostatted autosamplers set at 8 °C.

Compared with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH), the benzothiazole hydrazine core shifts the absorption maximum of the resulting hydrazones to 335–345 nm, away from the DNPH reagent blank interference band at 360–380 nm. This spectral shift permits detection at wavelengths where common co-extracted plasticisers (phthalates, adipates) show negligible absorbance, reducing the false-positive rate in carbonyl migration testing of food-contact materials performed according to Commission Regulation (EU) No 10/2011 Annex III. Limit of quantification for formaldehyde in 3% acetic acid simulant, established on a triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer operating in multiple reaction monitoring mode (transition m/z 220 → 149), is 15 ng·mL⁻¹ without a derivatised matrix blank subtraction.

Storage stability under recommended conditions (−20 °C, desiccated, argon headspace) has been validated over 24 months with less than 0.2% loss of assay value per annum. Once opened, the container must be equilibrated to ambient temperature inside a dry-nitrogen purged glovebox (dew point ≤ −40 °C) before each sample withdrawal; exposure to laboratory air at relative humidity above 40% for periods exceeding 90 seconds leads to hydrate formation detectable as a broadening of the N–H stretching band at 3315 cm⁻¹ in ATR-FTIR spectra. This hygroscopicity constraint is absent in the 6-methyl isomer, which can be handled briefly under ordinary laboratory atmosphere without performance degradation.

What Analytical Detection Limits Are Achievable with Pre-Column Derivatisation Using This Hydrazine?

When deployed as a pre-column tag in the determination of malondialdehyde (MDA) in human plasma — a biomarker for oxidative lipid damage — the reagent reacts quantitatively at 60 °C in 30 minutes in the presence of 0.1 M trichloroacetic acid as both protein precipitant and acid catalyst. The resulting MDA hydrazone (λ_ex 325 nm, λ_em 395 nm) is resolved on a pentafluorophenylpropyl stationary phase (100 × 2.1 mm, 1.7 µm particles) under isocratic elution with methanol/ammonium formate 20 mM pH 3.5 (55:45 v/v). Using fluorescence detection, the method achieves a limit of detection (LOD, S/N = 3) of 0.8 nM in plasma ultrafiltrate, which is 5- to 8-fold lower than that attainable with the thiobarbituric acid (TBA) spectrophotometric assay. Published data for this specific configuration is limited to single-laboratory validation studies; interlaboratory reproducibility collaborative trial data have not yet appeared in the peer-reviewed literature, and users are advised to establish in-house precision profiles on at least 10 independent aliquots of pooled control plasma before interpreting clinical cohort data.

A key operational boundary is encountered with samples containing residual hydrogen peroxide or other peroxides: even micromolar levels oxidise the hydrazine moiety to the corresponding tetrazene, which precipitates as a fine yellow solid and causes column frit blockage on injectors without in-line 0.2 µm frit guards. Pre-treatment of such samples with catalase immobilised on agarose beads (50 U·mL⁻¹ sample, contact time 10 minutes) eliminates this interference without altering carbonyl recoveries.

Table 1: Typical release specifications for 4-Methyl-2-benzothiazolehydrazine (analytical grade)
Parameter	Specification	Test method
Assay (anhydrous basis)	≥ 98.5%	HPLC, external standard, C18, 254 nm
Melting range	139.0–143.0 °C	Ph.Eur. 2.2.14 (capillary)
Water content	≤ 0.5%	Karl Fischer coulometric (ISO 760:1978)
Residue on ignition	≤ 0.1%	Ph.Eur. 2.4.16 (600 °C)
Heavy metals (as Pb)	≤ 10 ppm	ICP-MS (USP ⟨233⟩)
Isomeric purity (6-methyl isomer)	≤ 0.3%	¹H NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d₆), methyl singlet integration

When the Methyl Substituent Shifts Reaction Selectivity in Carbonyl Profiling

In complex matrices containing both aliphatic aldehydes and methyl ketones, the steric environment imposed by the 4-methyl group suppresses derivatisation of sterically hindered ketones such as camphor and fenchone by a factor of 12–15 relative to benzaldehyde under identical conditions (ethanolic solution, 0.05% H₃PO₄, 45 °C, 20-min reaction). This selectivity is exploited in the off-flavour profiling of recycled paperboard packaging: the reagent preferentially tags straight-chain aldehydes (hexanal, octanal, nonanal) responsible for rancidity notes while leaving the bulk of the wood-derived terpenoid ketones underivatised, thereby reducing chromatographic background and simplifying peak integration. In a headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) workflow coupled to GC-MS, the fibre (DVB/CAR/PDMS, 50/30 µm) is first exposed to the sample headspace, subsequently withdrawn into a vial containing 200 µL of derivatising solution (2 mg·mL⁻¹ reagent in acetonitrile/water 80:20), and thermally desorbed at 260 °C in the injection port. On-fibre hydrazone formation efficiencies measured for C₆–C₁₀ n-alkanals exceed 90%, whereas benzophenone recovery remains below 5%.

The reagent is incompatible with amine-based antioxidant packages commonly found in polyolefin masterbatches. Contact with primary aromatic amines (e.g., 4,4’-methylenedianiline) at processing temperatures above 180 °C triggers an exothermic condensation that generates Schiff-base networks capable of crosslinking low-molecular-weight polyethylene fractions, leading to torque spikes in twin-screw compounding extruders (documented on a ZSK 26 Mc₁₈ co-rotating machine, L/D 40) exceeding the drive limit of 80 Nm within 12 seconds of addition. Consequently, any analytical method that incorporates plastic extract dissolution must ensure complete removal of amine antidegradants by SPE clean-up on mixed-mode cation-exchange cartridges (e.g., Oasis MCX, 60 mg, 3 cc) prior to derivatisation.

Table 2: Comparative performance of hydrazine derivatisation reagents for carbonyl analysis under standardised reaction conditions
Reagent	λ_max of hydrazone (nm)	Reaction half-life with hexanal (min, 40 °C)	LOD formaldehyde (ng·mL⁻¹, HPLC-UV)	Susceptibility to syn/anti peak splitting
4-Methyl-2-benzothiazolehydrazine	340	8.2	4.5	Negligible at 25 °C
2-Hydrazinobenzothiazole	338	9.6	5.1	Significant below 35 °C
2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine	365	14.0	12.8	Moderate
Dansylhydrazine (5-dimethylaminonaphthalene-1-sulfonyl hydrazine)	340 (fluorescence)	22.5	0.8 (FLD)	None

For industrial users operating in a cGMP environment, change control documentation should reflect that the reagent’s residual solvent profile (headspace GC-FID per USP ⟨467⟩) lists toluene below 50 ppm and n-heptane below 100 ppm. This profile eliminates the need for additional Class 2 solvent monitoring when the reagent is used as a process intermediate in the synthesis of the anthelmintic triclabendazole metabolite reference standard, where the hydrazine serves as a cyclisation partner in the construction of the benzimidazole-thiazole fused ring system with a typical isolated yield of 78–82% after column chromatography (silica gel 60, ethyl acetate/dichloromethane 3:7).

The compound has been evaluated as a latent hardener in single-component epoxy formulations for electronic underfill encapsulation. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) scans at 5 K·min⁻¹ show an exothermic onset at 162 °C with a peak at 178 °C and a total reaction enthalpy of 385 J·g⁻¹ of resin (bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, EEW 180 g·eq⁻¹). The cure schedule demands a narrow processing window: a 10-minute hold at 150 °C is required to achieve 92% conversion without initiating premature vitrification. Deviations of +5 °C during the ramp induce a crossover of gelation and vitrification that traps unreacted oxirane groups, reducing the glass transition temperature of the cured network by 14 °C (measured by TMA penetration, 0.1 N load). This sensitivity precludes its use in large-mass encapsulations (> 20 g shot weight) unless active mould-temperature control with feedback from in-situ dielectric cure monitoring sensors is implemented on the dispensing line.

No data are available on the chronic toxicity or ecotoxicological endpoints of this substance under REACH Regulation (EC 1907/2006). The hydrazine functional group mandates handling as a suspected mutagen; all weighing and reaction setup must take place inside a fume hood with a face velocity of at least 0.5 m·s⁻¹, and personnel must wear nitrile gloves tested for hydrazine permeation breakthrough according to EN 374-3. Waste streams containing unreacted reagent are quenched with a 5% sodium hypochlorite solution (10 molar excess relative to hydrazine) before disposal, a procedure that generates the corresponding diazene and eliminates the reduction potential that interferes with downstream biological wastewater treatment nitrification.

HS Code	761303
Chemical Formula	C8H9N3S
Molecular Weight	179.24 g/mol
Appearance	Solid (usually white to off - white)
Odor	Typical organic compound odor
Melting Point	135 - 138 °C
Solubility In Water	Poorly soluble
Solubility In Organic Solvents	Soluble in some organic solvents like ethanol, acetone
Stability	Stable under normal conditions
Hazard Class	May be harmful if swallowed, inhaled or in contact with skin

Packing	100g of 4 - Methyl - 2 - Benzothiazolehydrazine packaged in a sealed plastic bag.
Shipping	4 - Methyl - 2 - Benzothiazolehydrazine is shipped in accordance with chemical regulations. It's carefully packaged in sealed containers, safeguarded from moisture and heat, and transported by carriers compliant with hazardous chemical shipping rules.
Storage	4 - Methyl - 2 - Benzothiazolehydrazine should be stored in a cool, dry, well - ventilated area, away from heat sources and ignition points. Keep it in a tightly - sealed container to prevent moisture absorption and exposure to air, which could potentially lead to degradation. Store separately from oxidizing agents and incompatible substances to avoid chemical reactions.