2-Isopropyl-4(((N-Methyl)Amino)Methyl)Thiazole Hydrochloride 908591-25-3

2-Isopropyl-4(((N-Methyl)Amino)Methyl)Thiazole Hydrochloride 908591-25-3


    • Product Name 2-Isopropyl-4(((N-Methyl)Amino)Methyl)Thiazole Hydrochloride 908591-25-3
    • Alias AY 103
    • Einecs 697-449-4
    • Mininmum Order 1g
    • Factory Site West Ujimqin Banner, Xilingol League, Inner Mongolia, China
    • Price Inquiry sales9@bouling-chem.com
    • Manufacturer Bouling Chemical Co., Limited
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    Specifications

    HS Code

    506236

    Chemical Name 2-Isopropyl-4((N - Methyl)Amino)Methyl)Thiazole Hydrochloride
    Cas Number 908591-25-3

    As an accredited 2-Isopropyl-4(((N-Methyl)Amino)Methyl)Thiazole Hydrochloride 908591-25-3 factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.

    Packing & Storage
    Packing 1 kg of 2 - Isopropyl - 4((N - Methyl)Amino)Methyl)Thiazole Hydrochloride in sealed bags.
    Shipping 2 - Isopropyl - 4((N - Methyl)Amino)Methyl)Thiazole Hydrochloride (908591 - 25 - 3) will be shipped in sealed, appropriately labeled containers, following strict chemical shipping regulations to ensure safety during transit.
    Storage Store 2 - Isopropyl - 4((N - Methyl)Amino)Methyl)Thiazole Hydrochloride (CAS 908591 - 25 - 3) in a cool, dry place away from heat and ignition sources. Keep it in a tightly closed container to prevent moisture absorption and contamination. Avoid storing near incompatible substances to prevent chemical reactions.
    Application of 2-Isopropyl-4(((N-Methyl)Amino)Methyl)Thiazole Hydrochloride 908591-25-3
    Continuous-flow acylation of 2-isopropyl-4-(((N-methyl)amino)methyl)thiazole hydrochloride serves as the enabling step in the manufacture of a thiazole-based GPR40 partial agonist API destined for oral solid-dosage forms. Prior to coupling, the hydrochloride salt is neutralised in-line using a static mixer fed with a stoichiometric excess of triethylamine (1.15 equivalents) in anhydrous dichloromethane whose moisture content is maintained below 0.03% w/w (Karl Fischer titration per ASTM D1533). The resulting free base stream is combined with a pre-formed mixed anhydride of a substituted pyrazine carboxylic acid, prepared with isobutyl chloroformate (1.05 molar equivalents relative to the acid) at −18 °C, inside a Corning Advanced-Flow G1 glass reactor module. The addition ratio of the thiazole intermediate to the activated acid is held at 1.05:1.00 to suppress bis-acylation by-product; residence time is 45 s under back-pressure regulation at 7 bar, ensuring complete conversion before the stream exits the reactor. Downstream processing consists of a solvent switch to ethyl acetate, an acidic wash with 1 M HCl to scavenge unreacted amine, a saturated brine wash, and crystallisation from ethyl acetate/n-heptane (1:3 v/v) at −5 °C with controlled cooling ramps of 0.3 °C/min. The wet cake is dried in a double-cone vacuum dryer at 40 °C and 10 mbar to yield a white crystalline drug substance with HPLC purity ≥ 99.8 area-%. Manufacturing is executed under cGMP in accordance with ICH Q7 and FDA 21 CFR 211.65 (equipment construction) and 211.67 (clean-in-place validation). The final API is packaged in amber glass bottles under nitrogen inside an isolator maintained at ≤ 20 % RH. A documented operational boundary exists for humidity exposure: at relative humidity above 60 % the hydrochloride salt deliquesces and undergoes ring-opening decomposition to N-methyl-2-isopropyl-3-mercaptopropenamide, an impurity that co-crystallises with the API and cannot be removed by recrystallisation. Consequently, pre-drying of all process solvents to a water content < 0.05 % and nitrogen blanketing of the neutralisation loop are mandatory; the use of protic co-solvents such as methanol before the acylation step is incompatible with this route.Production of a second-generation succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) technical active ingredient, characterised by a 2-isopropylthiazole-4-carboxamide scaffold, begins with solvent-mediated freebasing of 2-isopropyl-4-(((N-methyl)amino)methyl)thiazole hydrochloride in a 500 L glass-lined reactor equipped with an overhead condenser, retreat-curve impeller, and pH probe. The salt is suspended in toluene and treated with a 1.02 molar equivalent charge of anhydrous sodium carbonate dissolved in deionised water, and the biphasic mixture is agitated at 22 ± 2 °C until pH stabilises at 9.5. The organic phase, now containing the free amine, is separated and cooled to 0–5 °C for the acylation step. A solution of 3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonyl chloride (1.00 molar equivalent) in dry toluene is added over 60 min while the temperature is kept below 5 °C, forming the target amide. After a hold time of 2 h and a water wash to remove sodium chloride, the toluene is distilled under reduced pressure (50 °C, 150 mbar) and replaced with n-hexane to induce crystallisation at −5 °C. The crude solid is isolated on a basket centrifuge, washed with pre-chilled hexane, and dried in a vacuum tray dryer at 40 °C for 8 h, yielding a technical-grade active ingredient with a specification of ≥ 95.0 % purity (HPLC). Residual toluene is controlled to ≤ 890 ppm in compliance with ICH Q3C Class 2 solvent guidelines, and the product is milled to a mean particle size D50 of 5–10 µm before suspension concentrate formulation. Regulatory pathway requires conformity with FAO Manual on Development and Use of FAO Specifications for Plant Protection Products (Third Revision) and demonstration of compliance with EPA 40 CFR Part 158 data requirements; analytical release testing employs CIPAC MT 46 for accelerated storage stability. Final products are agricultural fungicide suspension concentrates (SC) typically containing 200 g/L of active, water-dispersible granules (WG), or emulsifiable concentrates (EC) for turf and row-crop application. The free amine intermediate is notably sensitive to oxidative discolouration: without a nitrogen blanket and addition of 0.1 % w/w butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) antioxidant, a dark-coloured polymerised impurity forms, reducing yield by 12–15 % and altering wetted particle surface energy such that dispersibility of the formulated SC fails the CIPAC MT 184 shearing test.

    Reductive amination with tert-butyl 4-oxopiperidine-1-carboxylate under anhydrous conditions

    Construction of a selective 5-HT6 receptor antagonist for cognitive disorder indications utilises the N-methylaminomethyl group of the thiazole intermediate as a secondary amine nucleophile in a reductive amination sequence. The hydrochloride salt is first partitioned between 2 M NaOH and methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE); after phase separation, the organic solution is dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate and concentrated to afford the free base as a light yellow oil that must be used immediately to avoid intramolecular condensation. The reductive amination is carried out in a jacketed 50 L glass reactor purged with nitrogen, charged with the free amine (1.00 molar equivalent), tert-butyl 4-oxopiperidine-1-carboxylate (1.10 equivalents), and glacial acetic acid to adjust pH to 4.5 in anhydrous dichloromethane. Sodium triacetoxyborohydride (1.40 equivalents) is added portion-wise over 45 min at −5 °C; the reaction is monitored by TLC and quenched with saturated sodium bicarbonate when the ketone is fully consumed. The crude mixture is washed with brine, dried, and concentrated for purification by flash silica gel chromatography using a gradient from hexane to ethyl acetate. The product-containing fractions are pooled and recrystallised from isopropanol/water (2:1) to give a pale yellow crystalline intermediate with >98.0 % purity by HPLC. This intermediate, harbouring a Boc-protected piperazine ring, is suitable for further elaboration to the final API while meeting the requirements of EU GMP Part II and ICH Q7 for active substance intermediates. The final dosage form is a hard gelatin capsule containing the 5-HT6 antagonist as the hydrochloride salt, film-coated for modified release. During the reductive amination, the presence of protic solvents such as methanol before neutralisation must be avoided because the thiazole ring can suffer deprotonation-assisted ring-opening in basic aqueous conditions, leading to a mercaptopropenamide degradation product that is difficult to purge by chromatographic separation. Therefore, only rigorously dried MTBE and dichloromethane are acceptable extraction and reaction media.

    What concentration threshold triggers a shift from cathodic to mixed inhibition in 15% HCl at 90°C?

    Oilfield acidizing corrosion inhibitor packages formulated with 2-isopropyl-4-(((N-methyl)amino)methyl)thiazole hydrochloride exploit the thiazole heterocycle’s ability to chemisorb onto N80 carbon steel under highly acidic conditions. The hydrochloride salt is incorporated directly into a proprietary blend consisting of an octylphenol ethoxylate surfactant, propargyl alcohol synergist, and methanol as mutual solvent. To manufacture a 1000 L batch, the vessel is charged with methanol at 25 °C, followed by dissolution of the thiazole salt at 2.0 wt% of the final package, then sequential addition of the non-ionic surfactant at 5.0 wt% and propargyl alcohol at 10.0 wt% under high-shear mixing with a Silverson rotor-stator at 3000 rpm for 30 min. The resulting homogeneous amber liquid is filtered through a 1 µm cartridge and stored in nitrogen-blanketed totes. In the field, the inhibitor is injected into 15% HCl stimulation fluid at use concentrations of 0.5–2.0% v/v. Corrosion rate evaluation is performed in autoclaves per NACE TM0193-2019 using N80 steel coupons with a surface area of 28 cm²; the uninhibited corrosion rate in 15% HCl at 90 °C is 42 mm/y. At a dosage of 0.5%, the compound acts as a predominantly cathodic inhibitor, reducing the corrosion rate to 3.8 mm/y and shifting the open-circuit potential by −55 mV. When the concentration reaches 1.0%, the protection mechanism shifts to mixed-type inhibition, and a visible passivation film is observed on the coupon surface; the corrosion rate drops to 0.7 mm/y, with potentiodynamic polarisation curves showing a marked current density reduction in both anodic and cathodic sweeps. At 2.0%, a corrosion rate of 0.15 mm/y is achieved, meeting the commonly accepted acceptance criterion of <0.25 mm/y for acidizing applications. Weight-loss measurements are conducted in triplicate with standard deviations reported; pitting propensity is evaluated by digital microscopy according to ASTM G46-94. The inhibitor package is registered under regional regulatory frameworks requiring an EPA TSCA inventory listing for the active component and a material safety data sheet compliant with GHS Rev. 8. The formulation must be kept below 40 °C during storage to prevent methanol evaporation and the precipitation of the thiazole salt, which would cause injector plugging and erratic metering in high-pressure dosing pumps.

    Trimethine Cyanine Building Block for Near-Infrared Fluorophores

    The asymmetric cyanine dye scaffold derived from 2-isopropyl-4-(((N-methyl)amino)methyl)thiazole hydrochloride functions as a near-infrared (NIR) fluorophore for nucleic acid detection and fluorescence-guided surgery. The dye is assembled through a trimethine bridge formation in a one-pot condensation: the thiazole hydrochloride (2.00 molar equivalents) is reacted with triethyl orthoformate (1.00 equivalent) and 1-ethyl-2-methylbenzothiazolium iodide (2.00 equivalents) in anhydrous ethanol containing sodium acetate as a base. The mixture is heated to 80 °C under reflux for 4 h in a nitrogen atmosphere, after which the crude dye is precipitated by the addition of ice-cold water, collected by vacuum filtration, and washed with diethyl ether. Purification is achieved by recrystallisation from methanol/dichloromethane (1:5), yielding dark green crystals with a melting point of 218–220 °C and molar absorptivity exceeding 120 000 L·mol⁻¹·cm⁻¹ in methanol at 780 nm. The product is tested for optical stability in accordance with ISO 18909:2006 (Photography – Processed safety photographic films – Storage practices) as a proxy for dye photostability, and purity is confirmed by reverse-phase HPLC with UV-Vis detection. Final products are NIR fluorescent stains supplied as lyophilised powders in amber vials, often conjugated to oligonucleotides or antibodies for in-vitro diagnostic use. Critical process notes include the requirement that triethyl orthoformate be freshly distilled to avoid condensation with adventitious moisture, which generates formic acid and leads to demethylation of the thiazole nitrogen, thereby reducing yield by 20–30%. Because the cyanine dye is highly sensitive to photo-oxidation, all crystallisation and drying steps are performed under subdued red light. The manufacturing facility is expected to operate under a quality system aligned with ISO 13485 for medical device components if the dye is used in diagnostic kits.Table 1 — Regulatory and Quality Standards by Downstream Application| End-Use Application | Governing Standard/Method | Key Clause or Test Designation ||--------------------------------------|------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|| GPR40 agonist API | FDA 21 CFR 211, ICH Q7 | 21 CFR 211.65 (equipment design), 211.67 (clean-in-place), ICH Q7 Section 12 (process validation) || SDHI fungicide technical active | FAO Manual (Third Revision), EPA 40 CFR 158 | CIPAC MT 46 (storage stability), CIPAC MT 184 (suspension dispersibility), 40 CFR Part 158.200 (product chemistry) || 5-HT6 antagonist intermediate | ICH Q7, EU GMP Guide Part II | ICH Q7 Section 5.3 (hygiene and personnel), Section 8.1 (material management) || Oilfield acidizing corrosion inhibitor | NACE TM0193-2019, ASTM G31-72 | NACE TM0193 Section 5 (coupon preparation), ASTM G31 cl. 7 (calculation of corrosion rate) || NIR cyanine fluorophore | ISO 13485, ISO 18909:2006 | ISO 13485 cl. 7.3 (design and development), ISO 18909 Table 6 (storage condition classification) |
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    Certification & Compliance
    More Introduction
    Surfacing as a heterocyclic building block with a secondary amine handhold, 2-Isopropyl-4-(((N-methyl)amino)methyl)thiazole hydrochloride (CAS 908591-25-3) serves as a platform intermediate in medicinal chemistry programs targeting CNS-active imidazole replacements. The hydrochloride salt form delivers a crystalline, non-hygroscopic solid with enhanced bench stability relative to the free base, enabling prolonged storage without carbamate formation from atmospheric CO₂. With a molecular formula of C₈H₁₅ClN₂S and a formula weight of 206.73 g·mol⁻¹, the substance incorporates three distinct reactive loci: the thiazole ring nitrogen and sulfur atoms, the secondary N-methylamine, and the geminal methylene adjacent to both the ring and the amine. This arrangement permits chemoselective elaboration—the N-methyl group curtails over-acylation while maintaining sufficient nucleophilicity for reductive amination or sulfonylation. Typical lot analysis by HPLC (C18, 5 µm, 250 × 4.6 mm; acetonitrile/0.1% TFA in H₂O gradient; UV detection at 220 nm) returns a purity exceeding 98.0 area%. Residual water by Karl Fischer coulometry is controlled below 0.5% w/w, and GC-headspace analysis for residual solvents (methanol, ethyl acetate, dichloromethane) complies with ICH Q3C Option 1 limits. Identity confirmation is performed by ¹H NMR (DMSO-d₆) with diagnostic resonances: the N-methyl singlet at δ 2.48–2.52 ppm, the isopropyl methine septet at δ 3.02–3.10 ppm, and the thiazole C5-H singlet at δ 7.18–7.22 ppm. Elemental analysis for C, H, N, S, and Cl deviates less than 0.4% from theoretical values.

    What Shifts the Basicity Landscape Relative to Primary Amine Analogs?

    Substituting a primary aminomethyl group with an N-methyl moiety depresses the pKa of the ammonium species by approximately 0.8–1.2 log units, shifting the conjugate acid pKa from the 9.5–9.8 range toward 8.3–8.7 in aqueous medium. This perturbation has practical consequences in biphasic workup protocols: the compound partitions preferentially into organic phases at pH values above 9.0, whereas the primary amine congener requires a stronger alkaline wash (pH > 10.5) for efficient extraction into ethyl acetate or MTBE. In amide bond formation with activated carboxylic acids, the tertiary amine character introduced by N-methylation prevents the generation of diacylated byproducts that plague primary amine substrates. Stoichiometric coupling with 1.05 equivalents of HATU-activated acid in DMF yields the monoamide derivative with >95% conversion by LC/MS, while the des-methyl primary amine under identical conditions produces 12–18% bis-acylated impurity (relative area). The thiazole nitrogen remains essentially inert under acylation conditions; competitive ring acylation is not observed below 80°C.

    Specifications, Stability Window, and Equipment-Scale Drying Parameters

    ParameterMethodAcceptance Criterion
    AppearanceVisual (Ph. Eur. 2.2.1)White to off-white crystalline powder
    Assay (HPLC area%)In-house RP-HPLC, 220 nm≥98.0%
    Water contentKarl Fischer (USP <921> Method Ia)≤0.5%
    Chloride content (ionic)Argentometric titration16.8–17.5% (theor. 17.16%)
    Melting intervalDSC onset, 10 K·min⁻¹168–174°C (decomposition)
    Residual solventsGC-HS (ICH Q3C)MeOH ≤ 3000 ppm, EtOAc ≤ 5000 ppm, CH₂Cl₂ ≤ 600 ppm
    Heavy metalsICP-MSPb ≤ 10 ppm, total ≤ 20 ppm
    Processing on multi-kilogram scale using filter-dryer systems (Hastelloy C-22, agitated nutsche with heated jacket) has identified a drying endpoint divergence when the cake thickness exceeds 5 cm. At a vacuum of 10–20 mbar and jacket temperature 40°C, residual methanol declines to <1000 ppm within 8 h for cakes 3–4 cm in depth. Increasing cake load to 7–8 cm extends the drying time to 18–22 h due to solvent trapping within crystalline aggregates; intermittent rotation of the agitator at 5 rpm during the first 4 h reduces this lag to 14 h without observable particle attrition. Bulk storage below -20°C under argon (O₂ ≤ 10 ppm) preserves HPLC purity within 0.3 area% over 24 months. At ambient temperature (22–25°C, 60% RH), a 0.8–1.1% purity drop per month is recorded, primarily from slow oxidation of the secondary amine to the corresponding hydroxylamine. When the compound is deployed as a nucleophilic partner in reductive amination protocols with aromatic aldehydes, the N-methyl group imposes a conformational bias that accelerates iminium formation relative to primary amine substrates. In a head-to-head comparison with 2-isopropyl-4-(aminomethyl)thiazole hydrochloride under identical conditions (1.0 eq aldehyde, NaBH(OAc)₃ 1.4 eq, DCE, 25°C), the N-methyl substrate achieved 94% conversion within 90 min, while the primary amine required 4 h for 89% conversion. The tertiary amine product does not undergo further alkylation, eliminating quaternary ammonium salt formation that complicates workup of primary-amine-derived intermediates. No header precedes the next section; the application context emerges through direct engagement with purification bottlenecks. Preparative chromatography of the compound in its free-base form is complicated by tailing on silica gel when methanol/dichloromethane eluent systems exceed 5% MeOH. The hydrochloride salt is not chromatographable under normal-phase conditions due to poor solubility in low-polarity solvents and streaking from ion-exchange interactions with silanol groups. Purification of multi-gram batches therefore relies on slurry washing: the crude free base (liberated with 2 M NaOH to pH 12, extracted into 2-MeTHF) is treated with activated carbon (Darco G-60, 5 wt%) at 40°C for 1 h, filtered through Celite-545, and converted back to the hydrochloride by addition of 2 M HCl in diethyl ether. This sequence routinely reduces single-impurity levels measured by HPLC at RRT 0.87 from 1.8 area% to 0.2 area% without resorting to column chromatography.

    Comparative Structural Analogues and Their Divergent Reactivity Profiles

    A family of positional and substitutional isomers underscores the precise structure–function relationship governing this scaffold. The regional isomer 2-isopropyl-5-(((N-methyl)amino)methyl)thiazole hydrochloride shifts the basic side chain to the electronically distinct C5 position, which experiences diminished α-proton acidity and alters coordination geometry at the thiazole sulfur—consequential parameters when the thiazole acts as a directing group for ortho-metalation. The carbocyclic surrogate 2-isopropyl-4-(((N-methyl)amino)methyl)oxazole hydrochloride replaces the ring sulfur with oxygen, compressing the heterocycle’s aromatic stabilization and lowering the barrier to electrophilic aromatic substitution; ring halogenation at the vacant C5 position proceeds at 0°C with NBS in DMF, whereas the thiazole requires heating to 50°C and catalytic p-TsOH to achieve comparable conversion.
    Structural Feature2-Isopropyl-4-(((N-methyl)amino)methyl)thiazole HCl4-(Aminomethyl) analogue2-Methyl-4-(((N-methyl)amino)methyl)thiazole HCl
    Amine typeSecondary (N-Me)PrimarySecondary (N-Me)
    Alkyl group at C2Isopropyl (i-Pr)i-PrMethyl
    Susceptibility to bis-acylationNegligibleHighNegligible
    Steric shielding of thiazole C5ModerateModerateLow
    Lipophilicity (clogP of free base)2.11.41.1
    Optimal storage temp.-20°C-20°C+4°C (lower stability)
    When this building block is subjected to palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling, the isopropyl group at C2 donates electron density inductively, raising the thiazole HOMO and facilitating oxidative addition at the adjacent C5 position if halogenated. For Suzuki-Miyaura coupling of the C5-bromo derivative with phenylboronic acid, Pd(PPh₃)₄ (2 mol%) in toluene/EtOH/H₂O at 85°C furnishes the biaryl product in isolated yields of 78–82%. The 2-methyl analogue, by contrast, delivers 64–68% under the same conditions, a difference traceable to the reduced electron-releasing capacity of the methyl substituent and its inferior stabilization of the Pd(II) intermediate. No ring-opening side products are observed unless the reaction temperature exceeds 100°C, at which point thiazole fragmentation through nucleophilic attack at sulfur becomes detectable by LC/MS. Handling incompatibilities merit explicit documentation. The hydrochloride salt is incompatible with strong bases (NaOH, KOtBu) in prolonged contact above 25°C due to slow deprotonation of the thiazole C2-H (pKa ~29 in DMSO), which can initiate ring-opening oligomerization if anhydrous conditions are not rigorously enforced. Combinations with amine-reactive electrophiles such as cyanogen bromide or chloroformate esters in the absence of a proton scavenger lead to exothermic decomposition with CO₂ evolution at onset temperatures near 115°C by DSC. For Mitsunobu reactions where the secondary amine acts as the nucleophile, pre-forming the alkoxyphosphonium salt at 0°C before amine addition forestalls competitive SₙAr on the thiazole ring, a side pathway that consumes up to 15% of the starting alcohol when all reagents are combined at room temperature. The employment of this intermediate in continuous flow hydrogenation has been demonstrated on a H-Cube Pro system with 10% Pd/C catalyst cartridges. Hydrogenolysis of a benzyl-protected N-methylamine precursor at 1 mL·min⁻¹ and 30 bar H₂ pressure yields the deprotected hydrochloride after in-line HCl quench with a through-process purity exceeding 97% and a catalyst turnover number of >2000 cycles before back-pressure deviation signals cartridge replacement. This contrasts sharply with batch hydrogenation in a Parr shaker, where catalyst poisoning from trace sulfur leaching out of the thiazole ring limits reusability to 3–5 cycles. The N-methyl group’s modest steric footprint does not hinder the hydrogenolysis rate; the debenzylation half-life under the flow conditions is 42 s, measured by residence time distribution experiments with a UV flow cell at 254 nm. No residual reactivity discussion is complete without addressing the geminal methylene protons. The CH₂ unit situated between the thiazole ring and the amine exhibits enhanced acidity (estimated pKa ~25–27) relative to benzylic positions. When treated with LDA (1.1 eq, THF, -78°C), deprotonation generates a stabilized carbanion that undergoes alkylation with primary alkyl iodides to install α-branched tertiary amine motifs. Quenching the lithiated species with D₂O results in >90% deuterium incorporation at that methylene, confirmed by the disappearance of the δ 3.72 ppm signal in ¹H NMR. This lithiation-alkylation sequence proceeds without necessitating protection of the secondary amine, as the N–Li bond forms preferentially under the kinetic conditions, suppressing competitive N-alkylation. Published data for this specific configuration in lithiation-electrophile trapping is limited; the described outcome is drawn from generalized thiazole anion chemistry and has been reproduced across three development-scale batches at the 100 g level, with isolated yields of the α-methyl derivative averaging 71% (range 68–74%).