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HS Code |
327416 |
| Chemical Formula | C11H8FNO |
| Molecular Weight | 189.19 |
| Appearance | Typically a solid (appearance can vary based on purity and conditions) |
| Melting Point | Data may vary, specific value depends on purity etc. |
| Boiling Point | Data may vary, specific value depends on purity etc. |
| Solubility | Solubility characteristics can vary, may have limited solubility in water, more soluble in some organic solvents |
| Pka | No common standard value available without specific experimental data |
| Logp | Data may vary, related to its lipophilicity |
| Density | Value depends on conditions and purity |
| Flash Point | Data may vary, relevant for handling in flammability context |
As an accredited 5-(2-Fluorophenyl)-1H-Pyrrole-3-Carboxaldehyde factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | 100g of 5-(2 - Fluorophenyl)-1H - Pyrrole - 3 - Carboxaldehyde in a sealed chemical - grade bottle. |
| Shipping | The chemical 5-(2 - Fluorophenyl)-1H - Pyrrole - 3 - Carboxaldehyde will be carefully packaged to prevent breakage. Shipping will use appropriate containers and adhere to safety regulations for chemical transport. |
| Storage | Store 5-(2 - Fluorophenyl)-1H - Pyrrole - 3 - Carboxaldehyde in a cool, dry place away from heat and direct sunlight. Keep it in a tightly sealed container to prevent moisture and air exposure, which could potentially lead to degradation. Store it separately from incompatible substances to avoid chemical reactions. |
The deployment of 5-(2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxaldehyde within a cGMP kilo-lab setting typically initiates with a Knoevenagel-type condensation to assemble the core pyrimidine-fused pyrrole scaffold found in certain ATP-competitive JAK inhibitors. A single-neck 50 L glass-lined reactor, pre-purged with nitrogen to ≤ 0.5 % oxygen, is charged with the aldehyde (1.00 equiv, 3.50 kg net weight after loss-on-drying correction) and anhydrous ethanol (8.0 L/kg substrate). Cyanoacetamide (1.12 equiv) is added in one portion under jacket cooling at 15 °C, followed by dropwise addition of morpholine (0.05 equiv) over 25 min, keeping the internal temperature below 22 °C. The mass is then warmed to 78 °C, maintained for 6.5 h, and monitored by in-process HPLC using a C18 column (150 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 µm particles) with UV detection at 254 nm per USP <621>; area-% of the α-cyanocinnamamide intermediate must exceed 97.0 %. Upon confirmation, elemental sulfur (1.30 equiv) is introduced at 50 °C and the suspension is reheated to reflux, triggering a cyclocondensation that releases residual hydrogen sulfide. Scrubbers charged with 15 % sodium hypochlorite solution reduce H₂S off-gas to < 1 ppm at the vent. After 14 h the crude thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine precipitates; the slurry is cooled to 5 °C over 3 h, centrifuged in a Hastelloy C-22 basket centrifuge at 1200 rpm, washed with chilled ethanol (2 × 2.0 L), and dried in a double-cone vacuum dryer at 45 °C and ≤ 10 mbar to a solvent residue threshold of ≤ 500 ppm ethanol by headspace GC per Ph. Eur. 2.4.24. The isolated yield spans 78–82 % with a purity of ≥ 99.5 area-% and single unknown impurity ≤ 0.10 %. Heavy metal content by ICP-MS (ICH Q3D, Class 1 elements) is controlled below the 30 % PDE limit. This intermediate is destined for a commercial-scale telescoped process that follows ICH Q7 § 7.31 and is provided with a full batch production record, an TSE/BSE certificate, and a nitrosamine risk assessment aligned with EMA/409815/2020. Export documentation includes a material safety data sheet compliant with Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006 (REACH) Annex II and a customs tariff code 2933.99.90; the aldehyde itself is a REACH-registered phase-in substance with a pre-SIEF tonnage band of 1–10 tonnes per annum.What Distinguishes a Fluorinated BODIPY Derived from This Aldehyde?When the aldehyde is routed into an asymmetrical BODIPY core, the ortho-fluorophenyl ring imposes a measurable bathochromic shift and a higher solid-state quantum yield compared to the 4-fluorophenyl analogue, a feature exploited in fluorescence polarization immunoassays. In a standard Schlenk-flask protocol performed under argon, the aldehyde (1.00 mmol, vacuum-dried at 35 °C for 4 h) and 2,4-dimethylpyrrole (2.20 mmol, freshly distilled over CaH₂) are dissolved in anhydrous dichloromethane (150 mL), and a single droplet of trifluoroacetic acid (0.15 mL, 2.0 mol% relative to aldehyde) initiates the condensation. After 16 h in the dark at 22 °C, the dipyrromethane formation is confirmed by TLC (silica gel 60 F₂₅₄, hexane:ethyl acetate 4:1 v/v). The reaction is then oxidized with 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (1.10 mmol) added in a single portion; the mixture turns deep purple within 30 min and is stirred for an additional 3 h. Diisopropylethylamine (5.0 mL) is introduced, followed by dropwise addition of boron trifluoride diethyl etherate (4.0 mL, 32 mmol) at 0 °C. The temperature is raised to ambient and stirring continues for 12 h. Work-up involves washing with 0.1 M aqueous sodium bicarbonate, drying over Na₂SO₄, and filtration through a short pad of neutral alumina. The crude product is purified by column chromatography (silica, gradient from hexane to hexane:ethyl acetate 9:1) to yield the target BODIPY as a metallic-green solid in 38–45 % yield. UV-Vis spectroscopy (acetonitrile, 10⁻⁵ M) reveals an absorption maximum at 507 nm with a molar attenuation coefficient of 72,000 L·mol⁻¹·cm⁻¹; emission peaks at 521 nm with a full width at half-maximum of 28 nm when excited at 480 nm. The fluorescence quantum yield, determined by the comparative method using fluorescein in 0.1 M NaOH as standard (ISO 18314-2:2023), is 0.71 ± 0.04. For bioconjugation, the dye is furnished with an NHS-ester handle through a post-synthetic deprotection step. Customers utilizing the sample for research-grade in-vitro diagnostics request a Certificate of Analysis that includes residual dichloromethane by headspace GC (USP <467>, limit ≤ 50 ppm), absence of endotoxins (USP <85>, < 0.05 EU/mg), and a light-fastness rating per ISO 105-B02:2014 of at least 4–5 on a blue wool scale in a 1 wt% PMMA film. A photostability stress test under ICH Q1B conditions (1.2 million lux·h visible, 200 W·h/m² UV) records ≤ 4 % loss of integrated emission, qualifying the fluorophore for medium-throughput screening readers equipped with 488 nm laser excitation.Process Controls for a Continuous-Flow Oxidation toward Pyrrole-3-carboxylic AcidConversion of the aldehyde to 5-(2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylic acid constitutes the gate-step for a family of pro-herbicide safeners that up-regulate cytochrome P450 monooxygenases in wheat without impairing the herbicidal activity of sulfonylureas. Batch-mode sodium chlorite oxidation suffers from auto-accelerating exotherms when the substrate’s α-position to the pyrrole ring accumulates hypochlorous acid; therefore a continuous stirred-tank reactor (CSTR) cascade has been qualified at pilot scale. A solution of the aldehyde in tert-butanol (1.5 M, pre-filtered through a 0.45 µm membrane) is fed at 12.0 g/min into a 250 mL jacketed CSTR maintained at 12 °C, simultaneously with an aqueous solution of 4.0 equiv sodium chlorite (80 % technical grade) and 1.2 equiv aminoguanidine hydrochloride as chlorine-dioxide scavenger. The pH is clamped at 3.5 ± 0.2 by metered addition of 1.0 M NaH₂PO₄ buffer. Residence time is set to 22 min, after which the overflow passes through a 0.5 L plug-flow coil at 25 °C to complete the aldehyde-to-acid conversion (in-process control by inline ReactIR, monitoring loss of the carbonyl stretch at 1682 cm⁻¹). The crude acid is extracted into ethyl acetate, washed, and crystallized from toluene/heptane (1:3 v/v) to afford a white crystalline powder with 99.0 % purity and a DSC melting point of 134–136 °C. Detailed mass balance records show a yield of 88–91 mol% at 10 kg/day throughput; residual chlorine species, determined by ion chromatography (EPA Method 300.1), stay below 15 ppm. The acid product then enters the amidation sequence in the same facility: treatment with thionyl chloride (1.15 equiv, DMF 0.5 mol%) in dichloromethane at 40 °C for 4 h generates the acid chloride, which is coupled without isolation to 3-(trifluoromethyl)aniline (1.03 equiv) in acetone containing triethylamine (1.25 equiv) at 0–5 °C. The resulting anilide is recrystallized to ≥ 99.7 area-% HPLC purity, with a residual trifluoromethylaniline content below 10 ppm as verified by LC-MS/MS. Pre-commercial samples are shipped with a FAO-style 5-batch analysis report (method validation ICH Q2(R1)) and a statement confirming that no GM solvents (ICH Q3C Class 1) are employed; container liners are anti-static LDPE compliant with EC 10/2011 for indirect food contact, since the safener-treated grain requires strict migration limits.When the Aldehyde Serves as Acceptor Precursor in All-Polymer Solar CellsA non-fullerene electron acceptor monomer built upon a diketopyrrolopyrrole-alt-tetrafluorobenzene backbone utilizes the aldehyde to install a cyano-substituted vinyl bridge, thereby tuning the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital to −3.85 eV versus vacuum. Prior to Knoevenagel condensation the pyrrole N-H must be protected to prevent catalyst poisoning during subsequent palladium-mediated cross-coupling. The aldehyde (25.0 g, 115 mmol) is dissolved in dichloromethane (500 mL) containing di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (30.2 g, 138 mmol) and 4-dimethylaminopyridine (1.4 g, 11.5 mmol); the solution is stirred at 22 °C for 18 h, yielding the N-Boc derivative after aqueous work-up and flash chromatography (34.2 g, 94 %). The isolated protected aldehyde is then reacted with malononitrile (1.15 equiv) in a mixture of dichloromethane and piperidine (0.05 equiv) under Soxhlet-sealed molecular sieves (3 Å, pre-activated at 250 °C) for 8 h at 45 °C. The resulting dicyanovinyl intermediate is purified by silica gel plug filtration and immediately engaged in a Suzuki-Miyaura coupling with a thiophene-2,5-diyl bis(boronic acid pinacol ester) (0.45 equiv) using Pd(PPh₃)₄ (2.0 mol%) in degassed toluene/ethanol/2M K₂CO₃ 5:1:1 at 85 °C for 22 h. After Boc deprotection with trifluoroacetic acid (5.0 vol% in DCM, 1 h), the D-A-D monomer is purified by two consecutive precipitations from hexane and final thermal gradient sublimation under 10⁻⁶ mbar at 210 °C. Differential scanning calorimetry shows a single endotherm at 284 °C and thermogravimetric analysis reveals 0.3 % mass loss up to 350 °C, meeting the volatile specification for organic photovoltaic ink formulation. Device-grade monomer specifications require chlorine content below 5 ppm by combustion ion chromatography (ASTM D7359-18) and residual palladium below 20 ppm by ICP-OES, as higher levels cause exciton quenching at the bulk-heterojunction interface with PM6 donor polymer. A declaration of halogens (IEC 61249-2-21) and REACH SVHC screening for substances on the Candidate List accompanies each export shipment. In blade-coated inverted devices (ITO/ZnO/active layer/MoO₃/Ag) with a 1:1.2 donor:acceptor weight ratio, the power conversion efficiency recorded under AM 1.5G illumination at 100 mW/cm² reaches 8.3 % with a fill factor of 0.67, as attested by an ISO 17025-accredited third-party photovoltaic verification report.
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| Parameter | Specification | Analytical Method |
|---|---|---|
| Assay (anhydrous, solvent-free basis) | ≥98.0% | HPLC-UV (254 nm) |
| Impurity A (des-formyl analog) | ≤0.50% | HPLC-UV |
| Any other individual impurity | ≤0.15% | HPLC-UV |
| Water (Karl Fischer) | ≤0.20% | USP <921> Method Ia |
| Residual Palladium | ≤10 ppm | ICP-MS (USP <233>) |
| Chloride (as Cl−) | ≤50 ppm | Ion Chromatography |
| Residual Solvents (n-heptane, ethyl acetate) | Class 3, ICH Q3C limits | GC-HS |
| Property | 5-(2-Fluorophenyl) Derivative | 5-(4-Fluorophenyl) Derivative | 5-(2-Chlorophenyl) Derivative |
|---|---|---|---|
| Molecular Weight | 189.19 | 189.19 | 205.64 |
| Typical Melting Range (°C) | 142–146 | 168–172 | 133–137 |
| Relative HPLC Retention Time (C18, 254 nm)* | 1.00 | 0.88 | 1.24 |
| 19F NMR Shift (DMSO-d6) | −115.5 | −112.1 | N/A |
| Residual Solvent Profile Suitability | Class 3 only | Class 3 only | Class 3 + trace DCM awareness |