Phenazine-1-Carboxylic Acid represents a unique compound among the larger family of phenazine derivatives, recognized for its role in agricultural science and synthetic chemistry. Often referred to by its chemical formula C13H8N2O2 and a molecular weight of 224.22 g/mol, this compound shows up in both research labs and industrial workspaces. Its crystalline nature stands out upon close inspection, usually presenting itself as yellow to orange solid crystals or powder. In some conditions, it appears in flake form, allowing for a diverse range of uses in different forms. Most literature assigns it the HS Code 29349990 for global trade, marking its place among specialty chemicals and raw materials originating from phenazine modifications.
The backbone of Phenazine-1-Carboxylic Acid displays a fused aromatic ring structure, sporting two nitrogen atoms in the core and a carboxylic acid functional group extending from the first carbon. This organization leads not only to its distinct physical structure but also impacts key molecular properties—such as solubility and stability. The substance does not dissolve easily in water but responds to organic solvents by partially dissolving, depending on temperature and agitation. Its density measures at roughly 1.44 g/cm³ in solid form. Researchers come across it as solid, flakes, or powder, and rarely as a solution unless dissolved carefully in compatible solvents.
People working with Phenazine-1-Carboxylic Acid describe it as a crystalline solid, resistant to gentle mechanical stress and stable in the presence of light and heat under usual storage conditions. Melting typically begins above 320°C. Its chemical structure resists rapid breakdown, giving it a spot in the toolkit for microbial suppression and as a building block for other specialty chemicals. Its crystals behave consistently under repeated heating and cooling, a helpful trait from a handling and storage viewpoint. In terms of appearance, its color provides a quick identifier, especially when purity matters, separating it from close relatives with slight chemical differences. Raw material suppliers usually target high assay values above 98%, measured through detailed chemical analysis before releasing it to the market.
Most of my practical experience with Phenazine-1-Carboxylic Acid revolves around lab protocols—labeling, handling, and storage standards aim at minimizing exposure. Official regulatory sheets (SDS/MSDS) point out risks such as irritation to eyes or skin. Prolonged contact or inhalation of dust should raise red flags. Standard lab safety applies—wear gloves, use protective eyewear, and handle powders in a fume hood. The compound does not ignite easily. Still, once heated in a closed environment, it produces toxic fumes, common in organic aromatic compounds containing nitrogen. Chemical waste guidelines request careful collection and disposal in accordance with local regulations.
On the manufacturing floor, the main draw comes from the material’s reliability as a raw input for further syntheses and as a functional agent in biological trials. It plays a part in producing active agents for plant protection, especially as an antimicrobial or fungicidal agent in crop applications. Its effect on soil dwellers such as fungi has drawn interest from ecologists and agrochemical firms alike. Sometimes, researchers tap into its electron-transport capabilities, trying to extend its reach into new scientific territory. Phenazine-1-Carboxylic Acid blends readily with other synthetic intermediates through well-defined reactions, offering flexibility for product formulators.
Safe workplace use calls for straightforward best practices—things I have seen in every chemistry lab worth its name: clear labeling, education, and regular inventory checks. Preventing accidental spread of powder or dust into the air makes a clear difference. Clear emergency procedures—like eyewash stations and open access to MSDS sheets—reduce risk. Working with this compound in a university setting, the importance of regular training and visible safety reminders became plain. For companies hoping to lower hazardous exposure, investing in closed handling systems or automating weighing and mixing pays off over time, cutting down on direct contact and worker health claims. Disposal solutions focus on chemical neutralization and incineration in approved facilities to protect the wider environment.
