Product Name: Pyrazine-2,3-Dicarboxylic Acid
Synonyms: 2,3-Pyrazinedicarboxylic Acid, Quinolinic acid
CAS Number: 89-01-0
Molecular Formula: C6H4N2O4
Molecular Weight: 168.11 g/mol
Recommended Use: Laboratory reagent, chemical synthesis
Supplier Details: Supply chain details, emergency contact numbers, company address, business phone and email for support
GHS Classification: Not classified as hazardous by GHS standards, but chemical handling requires caution
Signal Word: None
Hazard Statements: May cause irritation to eyes, skin, and respiratory system through dust or prolonged exposure
Precautionary Statements: Avoid inhalation of dust and contact with eyes; always wear protective clothing and gloves;
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin and eye contact, ingestion
Potential Health Effects: Skin redness, eye this_page_chemicals_inflammation, respiratory discomfort if inhaled in dust form
NFPA Ratings: Health: 1, Flammability: 0, Reactivity: 0
Chemical Name: Pyrazine-2,3-Dicarboxylic Acid
Concentration: 98% or greater (typical assay for purity in laboratory reagents)
Impurities: Negligible, commonly trace amounts of water or related compounds from synthesis
CAS Number: 89-01-0
Inhalation: Remove affected individual to fresh air, keep at rest in position comfortable for breathing, seek medical advice if symptoms persist; use artificial respiration if necessary but only by trained personnel
Skin Contact: Wash area thoroughly with soap and plenty of water, remove contaminated clothing, contact medical personnel if skin irritation continues
Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes, remove contact lenses if present and easy to do, continue rinsing, seek medical attention
Ingestion: Rinse mouth, do not induce vomiting, seek immediate medical help if feeling unwell
Acute Symptoms: Redness, itching, coughing, sneezing, or gastrointestinal discomfort
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, foam, or water spray, avoid strong water jet directly on fire
Specific Hazards: Emits toxic fumes of nitrogen oxides and carbon oxides during combustion, material itself is not easily ignitable
Protective Equipment: Firefighters should wear full gear including self-contained breathing apparatus and chemical protection suit
Firefighting Instructions: Approach from upwind, prevent runoff from entering drains, cool containers with water if exposed to fire
Personal Precautions: Wear proper protective equipment including gloves, goggles, and dust mask; avoid dust formation; work in well-ventilated area
Environmental Precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage, keep away from drains, surface water, and soil
Containment Methods: Sweep up and shovel material, avoid raising dust, place in appropriate waste container, ventilate area
Cleanup Procedures: Use wet methods to minimize dust, clean area thoroughly after material pickup; wash clothing and dispose of contaminated clothing appropriately
Safe Handling: Always handle in chemical fume hood or with adequate ventilation, avoid breathing dust, avoid direct contact with skin and eyes, keep containers tightly closed
Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place, away from incompatible materials like strong oxidizers
Incompatibilities: Strong bases, strong oxidizing agents, reactive metals; store away from heat sources and direct sunlight
Special Requirements: Use designated chemical storage cabinets if available, label clearly
Exposure Limits: No specific occupational exposure limits assigned, good laboratory practice minimizes risks
Engineering Controls: Use fume hood, provide eyewash stations and safety showers
Personal Protective Equipment: Safety goggles or face shield, gloves made of nitrile or neoprene, lab coat, dust mask or suitable respirator for airborne particles
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands thoroughly after handling, avoid chewing, drinking, or smoking during work, keep work area clean
Appearance: White to pale yellow crystalline powder
Odor: Odorless or slight aromatic smell
pH (solution): Slightly acidic in water
Melting Point / Freezing Point: 315–320°C, decomposes above melting point
Boiling Point: Not applicable (decomposes)
Solubility: Slightly soluble in water, better solubility in alcohols, sparingly soluble in most organic solvents
Density: Approximately 1.69 g/cm³
Flash Point: Not flammable
Partition Coefficient (n-octanol/water): No data available
Vapor Pressure: Negligible at room temperature
Other Data: Stable as a solid, hygroscopic under some storage conditions
Chemical Stability: Stable under normal handling and storage conditions
Thermal Decomposition: Can release toxic gases including nitrogen oxide upon heating or burning
Reactivity: May react with strong bases or oxidizers, avoid contact with incompatible substances
Conditions to Avoid: Extreme heat, sparks, open flames, sources of ignition, moisture if purity is critical
Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidizing agents, strong bases
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Nitrogen oxides, carbon oxides, other toxic fumes if combusted or decomposed
Acute Toxicity: Not acutely toxic in small quantities, ingestion of large quantities can cause irritation
Skin Irritation: May cause mild to moderate skin irritation on prolonged contact
Eye Damage/Irritation: Dust may cause eye redness, tearing, pain
Respiratory Sensitization: Dust acts as a respiratory irritant to sensitive individuals
Carcinogenicity: No data indicating cancer risk from this compound
Mutagenicity: No evidence for mutagenic activity
Reproductive Toxicity: Not classified as hazardous for reproductive health; no evidence of teratogenic or reproductive toxicity
Other Effects: Prolonged or repeated contact could enhance sensitivity to the irritant effects
Toxicity to Aquatic Life: Low acute toxicity for fish and aquatic invertebrates, but high concentrations in water can still be harmful
Persistence and Degradability: Compound likely persists under normal environmental conditions, slow degradation rate
Bioaccumulative Potential: No significant bioaccumulation expected based on chemical structure
Mobility in Soil: Moderately mobile, can leach to groundwater in sensitive areas if spillage is not controlled
Other Adverse Effects: Product should be handled to prevent introduction into waterways or soil; best practice to avoid releases outside industrial or laboratory use
Waste Treatment Methods: Dispose of as hazardous waste under local regulations, use licensed chemical disposal contractor
Contaminated Packaging: Rinse containers, then dispose with hazardous waste or return to supplier
Methods of Disposal: Do not dispose of in household garbage, drain, or natural environment; always follow community environmental and safety laws
Precautions: Handle waste with suitable PPE, avoid environmental contamination through careless disposal
UN Number: Not regulated for transport under standard UN categories
Proper Shipping Name: Not classified as dangerous goods
Transport Hazard Class: Not regulated
Packing Group: Not regulated
Special Precautions: Use good packaging to prevent dust release during transit, seal containers properly
Environmental Hazards: Not hazardous to environment during normal handling
OSHA Hazard Communication: Not classified as hazardous under OSHA regulations
TSCA Inventory: Listed
EU Classification: Not classified as dangerous; handle under REACH guidelines
SARA Title III: Not subject to reporting
WHMIS (Canada): Not subject to classification as hazardous substance
Other Regulations: Check specific state, local, or international requirements which might apply for laboratory or manufacturing applications
Labelling: Basic identification, precautionary handling, and contact details required on all storage and shipping containers
