Product Name: Anhydrous Piperazine
Chemical Formula: C4H10N2
CAS Number: 110-85-0
Synonyms: Hexahydropyrazine, Diethylene diamine
Recommended Use: Intermediate in pharmaceuticals, corrosion inhibitor, rubber accelerator
Manufacturer: Refer to supplier’s information
Contact Details: Emergency contact numbers, address of manufacturer or distributor
UN Number: 2579
GHS Classification: Acute Toxicity (Oral, Dermal, Inhalation), Skin Corrosive, Eye Damage
GHS Label Elements: Warning, Corrosive pictogram
Hazard Statements: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage, harmful if swallowed or inhaled, possible respiratory irritation
Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing dust/vapor, wear protective equipment, do not eat or drink near material, wash hands after handling
Potential Health Effects: Skin contact may cause burns, eye exposure can injure cornea, inhalation can lead to respiratory issues, ingestion causes abdominal pain, nausea, or vomiting
Chemical Name: Piperazine (anhydrous)
Concentration: 98–100%
Impurities: Trace amines, water (minimal levels, usually under 1%)
Other Components: No known stabilizing additives
Molecular Weight: 86.14 g/mol
Inhalation: Remove from exposure, bring to fresh air, keep person calm, seek medical help if symptoms persist (cough, difficulty breathing)
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, rinse skin with running water for at least 15 minutes, seek medical attention for any burns or severe irritation
Eye Contact: Rinse eyes with lukewarm water for 15–20 minutes, hold eyelids open, get medical help immediately
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting, rinse mouth thoroughly, drink water only if conscious, seek medical aid as soon as possible
Notes to Physician: Treat symptomatically, monitor respiratory and cardiac function, manage burns as chemical injuries
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Dry chemical powder, carbon dioxide, alcohol-resistant foam, avoid water jet unless for cooling
Specific Hazards: Emits nitrogen oxides and CO under high temperatures, combustible dust risk; avoid accumulation of dusts in confined areas
Protective Equipment: Full protective clothing, self-contained breathing apparatus
Special Precautions: Cool exposed containers with water spray to prevent rupture, avoid contact with skin or inhalation of smoke
Explosion Hazard: Avoid generating dust; dust-air mixtures may pose an ignition risk in certain settings
Personal Precautions: Wear chemical-resistant gloves, goggles, suitable respirator; keep unnecessary people away from spill
Environmental Precautions: Prevent escape into waterways, drains, or soil; inform authorities if significant amounts enter environment
Methods for Cleanup: Collect spillage using non-sparking tools, absorb with inert material (sand, earth), scoop and place into container for disposal, ventilate spill area
Decontamination: Rinse small residue with water, neutralize acids with sodium bicarbonate if safe to do so, avoid direct contact
Waste Disposal: Store material for regulated disposal, follow local waste management regulations
Handling: Handle only in well-ventilated spaces, avoid breathing vapors or dust, wear appropriate PPE, ground and bond when transferring, keep away from ignition sources
Storage Requirements: Store in tightly closed containers made from compatible materials, keep at ambient temperature, separate from oxidizers, acids, food items, and strong bases
Storage Location: Designate a ventilated, dry room, secure against unauthorized access, label containers prominently
Incompatibilities: Avoid exposure to moisture, oxidizing chemicals, strong acids
Hygiene Advice: Wash hands after use, remove contaminated clothing before eating, do not store food/drink near product
Occupational Exposure Limits: OSHA TWA 10 ppm (36 mg/m³) as recommended; verify with local standards
Engineering Controls: Use local exhaust ventilation, ensure eyewash and emergency showers are nearby
Personal Protection: Wear chemical splash goggles, impervious gloves (nitrile, neoprene), long-sleeve lab coat, sometimes respirator if dust or vapor levels rise above limits
Respiratory Protection: NIOSH-approved masks if airborne concentrations exceed recommended limits; rely on ventilation primarily
Environmental Protection: Use containment during handling, avoid unnecessary releases, properly manage waste streams
Appearance: White crystalline solid
Odor: Weak, ammonia-like
Melting Point: 106°C
Boiling Point: 146°C
Flash Point: 85°C (closed cup)
Solubility: Soluble in water, ethanol, slightly soluble in ether
Density: Approximately 1.2 g/cm³ at 20°C
Vapor Pressure: Low (1 mmHg at 57°C)
pH (1% solution): Alkaline (about 10.5–11)
Other Data: Hygroscopic, absorbs moisture from air, forms carbonates if exposed to CO₂
Chemical Stability: Stable under dry, cool, well-ventilated conditions
Possibility of Hazardous Reactions: Reacts with oxidizing agents generating heat, forms amines on reaction with acids, reacts vigorously with acyl chlorides
Incompatible Materials: Strong acids, oxidizers (chlorine, bleach), carbon dioxide, anhydrides
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, ammonia; avoid overheating
Polymerization: No hazardous polymerization reported under standard conditions
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, ingestion, skin contact, eye contact
Acute Toxicity: Oral LD50 (rat): ~2,850 mg/kg; inhalation may cause headache, nausea, respiratory tract discomfort; skin/eye contact burns
Chronic Effects: Prolonged inhalation or skin absorption can cause liver or kidney stress
Sensitization: Exposure can sometimes cause allergic skin reactions
Symptoms of Overexposure: Coughing, dizziness, skin redness, burning eyes, abdominal discomfort
Carcinogenic Status: No reliable evidence of cancer hazard based on known data
Aquatic Toxicity: Harmful to aquatic organisms (LC50 approx 1–10 mg/L in freshwater fish)
Persistence: Degrades slowly in water, especially under low-oxygen conditions
Bioaccumulation: Low potential; tends not to accumulate in aquatic species
Mobility: Moves readily in water, potential sweep into groundwater if released in large quantity
Other Ecological Effects: Alkalinity may alter local water chemistry, risk of local pH rise if discharged untreated
Disposal Method: Treat as hazardous waste, incinerate in permitted facility, do not pour into drains or environment
Waste Container Requirements: Store in secure, sealed, labeled tubs resistant to chemicals
Contaminated Packaging: Rinse thoroughly before reuse or treat as chemical waste
Legal Restrictions: Follow federal, state, and local regulations for chemical wastes, consult regulatory agencies
Special Handling for Disposal: Professional disposal services recommended, keep incompatible materials separated during waste storage
UN Number: 2579
Transport Name: Piperazine, solid
Hazard Class: 8 (Corrosive Substances)
Packing Group: III
Label Requirements: Corrosive label on outside of container
Special Precautions for Transport: Keep away from contact with acids, moisture; do not transport with foods or oxidizers; prevent rough handling to avoid accidental release
Regulatory Details: Check international (IMDG, IATA) or local rules for further restrictions on carriage
Inventory Status: Listed on US TSCA, EU REACH, Canada DSL, others
OSHA Classification: Corrosive Chemical, Target Organ Effects
SARA 313: Not listed
WHMIS (Canada): Class E (Corrosive Material)
Additional Labeling: Corrosive substance requirements apply for workplace use, chemical hazard communication standards apply
Local/Regional Regulations: Check city or state requirements for extra handling and use restrictions
Right-to-Know: MSDS/SDS required for all workers, training on hazards recommended in workplaces using this chemical
