Chemistry often follows the same winding road as technology: new discoveries open up fresh territory, drawing scientists further from the familiar. 4-(P-Chlorophenyl)Piperidin-4-Ol came into focus during the post-war boom in pharmaceutical research, especially as researchers began searching for molecules that act on the central nervous system. The original goal centered not on treating daily aches, but on understanding and influencing neurotransmitter pathways. By mounting a p-chlorophenyl ring onto the piperidine backbone, early chemists ended up with a compound that stood out for its ability to interact with dopamine and opioid receptors. Once research labs synthesized the first batches, interest steadily grew within both academic circles and commercial pharmaceutical development.
At its heart, 4-(P-Chlorophenyl)Piperidin-4-Ol features a six-membered ring of piperidine, with a hydroxyl group nudged onto the fourth carbon. Add in a p-chlorophenyl ring, and the molecule gains extra grip in receptor-binding studies. Modern scientists now recognize this compound as both an analytical reference and an intermediate in designing more complex molecules, including psychoactive compounds, synthetic opioids, and dopamine pathway modulators. Its influence stretches far beyond a single laboratory shelf, affecting how both bench chemists and pharmacologists approach drug design or mechanistic studies in neuropharmacology.
Anyone who has spent time measuring out white powders knows that even a single added atom can affect stability, solubility, or melting point. 4-(P-Chlorophenyl)Piperidin-4-Ol typically appears as a white crystalline powder, with a melting point sitting comfortably in the 140-145°C range—noticeably higher than many simple piperidines. Its solubility in water is limited, but dissolves more readily in polar organic solvents like ethanol and DMSO. In this compound, the hydroxyl group encourages hydrogen bonding, which increases its intermolecular interaction profile, while the chlorine on the phenyl ring not only tweaks the molecule’s polarity but also shields it from metabolic breakdown in biological systems. Chemists lean on these structural details when they plan syntheses or biological tests.
Laboratories that handle 4-(P-Chlorophenyl)Piperidin-4-Ol require exact details on purity (above 98% for most research), moisture content (preferably under 0.5%), and trace impurities. The CAS number, molecular formula (C11H14ClNO), and MW (211.69 g/mol) appear on most technical data sheets. IR and NMR spectra confirm its identity in each lot, while HPLC or GC methods are set up to check for residual solvents. Storage instructions recommend dark, airtight containers at temperatures below 25°C to prevent hydrolysis or oxidation. Precision here isn’t about bureaucracy—it’s about repeatability and trust in data, both crucial for research validity.
Synthesis routes reflect both old-school organic chemistry grit and clever economics. Most methods start with p-chlorobenzaldehyde and 4-piperidone as building blocks. A reductive amination route brings them together, adding a hydroxyl at the right position through a carefully timed reduction. Common reducing agents include sodium borohydride or catalytic hydrogenation, selected for gentle handling of the aryl chloride group. Purification relies on recrystallization or chromatographic separation, and by the end, analytical methods confirm the product’s structure and purity. Careful attention during work-up minimizes exposure to potentially hazardous intermediates.
The molecule’s backbone gives chemists plenty of room for creativity. The free hydroxyl group can be protected, acetylated, or converted into esters or ethers to modify its pharmacokinetics. The aromatic chlorine gets swapped for other groups in cross-coupling reactions, unlocking more analog development. Reduction, oxidation, and substitution reactions further expand the palette of achievable derivatives. In medicinal chemistry, each tweak isn’t just about curiosity—the changes affect receptor binding, half-life, or metabolic stability. Many analogues move into preclinical screens, with some leading the way to new treatment candidates. These experiments highlight the role of 4-(P-Chlorophenyl)Piperidin-4-Ol as both a chemical tool and a springboard for drug discovery.
Naming chemicals rarely sticks to just one label. In scientific literature or supplier catalogs, 4-(P-Chlorophenyl)Piperidin-4-Ol shows up as 4-(4-Chlorophenyl)piperidin-4-ol, 4-Piperidinol, 4-(p-Chlorophenyl)-, or simply as ‘PCP-OH’ in research shorthand. Patent filings often swap order or include identifier codes. Multiple names can pose confusion for newcomers, but for seasoned researchers, they serve as breadcrumbs when tracking earlier studies, bioassays, or regulatory filings.
Anyone weighing out this compound in a lab knows it’s not just another powder to scoop. Structural similarities link it to substances with psychoactive potential and even controlled drug analogues. Proper safety demands lab coats, gloves, and fume hoods. Standard operating procedures call for full documentation, secured storage, and disposal protocols in line with local hazardous waste laws. Direct exposure risks include respiratory irritation, eye or skin contact hazards, and potential neuroactivity if mishandled. Regulatory guidance from both agency (such as OSHA in the US or the EU REACH directives) and supplier standardization prevents lapses. Training young chemists on these priorities helps prevent both accidents and unnecessary panic—a fine line that good labs walk every day.
4-(P-Chlorophenyl)Piperidin-4-Ol doesn’t see much in over-the-counter products, but its reach in research settings is broad. As a synthetic intermediate, it unlocks doors to a range of psychoactive, anesthetic, and antitussive agents. Researchers use it as a scaffold for novel compound synthesis, particularly in the design of dopamine or opioid receptor ligands. In analytical chemistry, it sometimes appears as a reference marker for method validation in forensic studies, especially investigations tracking new psychoactive substances. Its structure enables SAR (structure-activity relationship) studies, vital for developing safer central nervous system drugs or blocking unwanted side effects in current candidates.
Labs world-wide use this molecule as a starting point for discovering new therapies or probing receptor function. Some of the most promising leads in pain management, addiction therapy, and psychiatric drug development share a backbone derived from this compound. Academic teams publish studies mapping out its pharmacodynamics, while pharmaceutical firms tweak the molecule for improved safety and bioavailability. The research doesn’t stop with basic exploratory testing—companies invest years optimizing synthetic pathways, scaling up production, and characterizing each derivative. This spirit of discovery keeps labs humming and patent offices busy.
Early animal studies have flagged both promise and risk. At low doses, the base compound doesn’t fit the bill for immediate toxicity, but structural cousins veer into potent neuroactivity and addiction liability. Animal exposure trials point to possible liver, kidney, and central nervous system effects at high concentrations. The challenge is to separate therapeutic dose from risk threshold, developing safer analogs with lower abuse potential. Toxicologists and regulatory scientists recommend rigorous in vivo and in vitro assessment before advancing into clinical phases or even broad research distribution. For now, access typically stays limited to credentialed research institutions, keeping one eye on risk and the other on potential benefit. This cautionary approach shapes not just compound handling, but also the conversations around analog scheduling and new drug legislation.
Looking ahead, the importance of 4-(P-Chlorophenyl)Piperidin-4-Ol will likely only increase. Next-generation synthetic methods keep inching up overall yield and environmental friendliness, driving costs down and opening access to more labs. Fresh analogues may find their place in treating some of the toughest neurological and psychiatric challenges today, from chronic pain to opioid dependence. At the same time, vigilance in monitoring synthetic byproducts and downstream bioactivity remains essential—any chemical innovation comes with a need for careful oversight. By learning from decades of research and balancing creativity with caution, the scientific community stands ready to harness this compound’s full potential, using it both as a probe for understanding human biology and a possible stepping-stone toward tomorrow’s medicines.
Chemistry often sounds like a faraway world filled with hard-to-pronounce names, but turning a keen eye to compounds like 4-(P-Chlorophenyl)Piperidin-4-Ol shows how they affect everyday life. This one stands out in pharmaceutical chemistry. You’ll find it mostly as a building block—a key intermediate in the creation of other drugs—especially in the process that leads to medicines made for managing pain or psychological conditions.
Digging deeper, there’s a subtle but powerful point. This compound has a connection to piperidine structures. These structures pop up in well-known medications, including some big-name painkillers and drugs used in anesthesia. Scientists and pharmaceutical developers value it for the way it takes other atoms and allows them to engineer new chemical entities with complex effects on the body. The structure of 4-(P-Chlorophenyl)Piperidin-4-Ol helps researchers shape molecules that can engage with human receptors, leading to compounds used for treating conditions as wide-ranging as chronic pain and schizophrenia.
Anytime chemistry produces something powerful, there’s a risk of that power falling into the wrong hands. Some industry insiders know 4-(P-Chlorophenyl)Piperidin-4-Ol as a stepping stone in the synthesis of fentanyl. Fentanyl, in the right hands, does a lot of good for patients in severe pain—especially after surgery or in palliative care for cancer. But the illegal manufacture and unregulated spread of fentanyl and its many analogues have produced devastation, not healing. Fentanyl-related overdoses have surged over the last decade, according to CDC reports, with thousands of lives lost yearly just in North America.
Chemists, law enforcement, and regulators debate how to manage the sales and distribution of compounds like this. Some countries watch it closely. They track chemical sales and require buyers to prove their legitimate need. The pharmaceutical industry itself often works under tight controls, tracing sources, and limiting lab use, to dodge legal pitfalls and public health crises. But with global supply chains, black market labs, and patchwork laws, gaps remain. The stakes here are high—access can mean the difference between a breakthrough painkiller and a new drug crisis.
People often forget the researchers and students behind the beakers. In my own years working in labs, the responsibility always felt huge when preparing chemicals tied to both genuine care and real harm. The same compound can lead to hope in a hospital or disaster on the street, depending on how—and by whom—it's used.
Solutions usually start with awareness. Universities and industry teaching labs drill safety, documentation, and ethical practice. Regulators push for tighter oversight. Tech upgrades, such as chemical taggants or supply chain tracking software, aim to flag strange orders before a tragedy at the end user level. Greater cooperation between public and private sectors can shut off illicit routes and make legitimate innovation safer and more reliable.
4-(P-Chlorophenyl)Piperidin-4-Ol matters because science shapes society. Choices by chemists, pharmaceutical firms, regulators, and educators decide whether the next chapter for this chemical helps patients or harms them. Trust builds from ongoing transparency, accountability, and shared vigilance at every level—from the research bench to the pharmacist’s counter.
4-(P-Chlorophenyl)Piperidin-4-ol doesn’t turn up on household labels, but it shapes up in labs working on molecule design and drug discovery. The chemical structure here draws from two families—a phenyl ring with a para-chloro group, and a piperidin-4-ol ring. Combine these, and the formula stacks up as C11H14ClNO. Each bit of the formula reveals part of the story: eleven carbon atoms fuel the backbone, chlorine sits on the aromatic ring, nitrogen gives it its base properties, and the hydroxyl group on piperidine steers reactivity.
Basic chemistry taught me the joy of adding up atomic masses to get molecular weight. No impressive lab coat needed, just a periodic table and some patience. Carbon brings 12.01 grams per mole, hydrogen only 1.01, nitrogen rounds to 14.01, oxygen marks 16.00, and chlorine tips the scales at 35.45. All in, the molecular weight of C11H14ClNO lands close to 211.69 g/mol.
Numbers and formulas only take you so far. I once spent weeks sifting through compounds that looked fine on paper, yet real-world use tripped over poor solubility or strange interactions. Armed with the formula, chemists predict solubility, plan syntheses, and spot potential side effects in drug research. This particular compound, related to several psychoactive molecules, draws extra attention for anyone tracing the roots of pharmaceuticals or synthetic chemistry.
Understanding the recipe helps create new compounds with similar shapes or tweaks. The piperidine ring, for example, shows up in dozens of important medications, from painkillers to antipsychotics. The presence of the chlorophenyl group can drastically change how the compound behaves in the body. Take it from someone who’s tried adjusting just one group on a molecule to see effects go from mild to unexpected—every atom pulls its weight.
Making new drug candidates safer depends on knowing what each part of the formula does. The chlorine group may improve stability but could also raise concerns about how fast the body processes the substance. Researchers look at formulas and weights to predict everything from toxicity to breakdown products. Facts matter if you want to see fewer side effects and catch problems before they show up in clinical trials.
One way forward calls for open data. Sharing details about compounds like 4-(P-Chlorophenyl)Piperidin-4-Ol lets researchers and regulators tag risk earlier in development. Promoting clear labeling and accessible chemical databases eases headaches for everyone. Small improvements in transparency and communication can speed up the work scientists do and help keep harmful substances out of the wrong hands.
Working with chemical formulas demands accuracy and respect for both the power and risks carried by each molecule. If you mess up a calculation or skip reading the structure, consequences get real fast. The details tucked into names and formulas help build safer, smarter science—and keep everyone from students to industry pros on a solid footing as they explore new territory.
I’ve worked around enough labs to know that handling organic chemicals with a halogen in the mix calls for more than just basic storage. 4-(P-Chlorophenyl)Piperidin-4-Ol isn’t any different. This compound, used for research or as an intermediate, doesn’t make headlines — but mistakes in storage sure do.
Over the years, I’ve noticed that room temperature means different things depending on the building. In a typical setup, this compound stays stable at standard lab temperatures: think 20–25°C. Avoiding heat sources isn’t just lab superstition. Spoiling a batch because someone left it on a sunny bench wastes money and time. For those in warmer climates or with unreliable HVAC, storage in an air-conditioned or temperature-monitored space matters.
Moisture creates headaches for labs handling sensitive organics. Desiccators or dry cabinets prevent clumping, degradation, or the formation of hydrates, which can change a compound’s behavior. Keeping things dry is more than best practice; it saves costs by avoiding spoiled stock.
Light-sensitive compounds can degrade or form byproducts. Most sources recommend an amber bottle or opaque packaging. It’s not overkill: direct sunlight does real damage over time, especially for those who store chemicals in rooms with uncovered windows.
Screw caps hit the sweet spot between accessibility and safety. I remember a forgotten bottle once developed a crusty layer because the seal wasn’t tight enough. Situations like that drive home the value of using well-sealed containers. You don’t want trace air or humidity sneaking in.
Keeping the air clean goes beyond a tidy appearance. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and chemical dust drift farther in closed environments. Fume hoods aren’t overkill for weighing or transferring. Even low-toxicity powders cause trouble after repeated exposure. For folks with allergies or sensitive skin, these precautions mean fewer headaches and reduced risk.
Before handling any chemical, fresh gloves, goggles, and a lab coat aren’t optional. Splashes or spills can cause allergic reactions or irritate skin. Letting your guard down on a slow afternoon often leads to careless mistakes. I keep an emergency eyewash within reach, and so should everyone working with similar compounds.
At one site, a minor spill turned into a scramble because proper absorbent was missing. Not all lab personnel get the same training in chemical cleanup, so having a spill response kit close to the point of use bridges that knowledge gap. Labeled waste containers save technicians from guessing games and let environmental teams process waste correctly. Regulations on hazardous wastes change fast, and using the right containers protects the business and the people working for it.
Trust between staff often rests on clear labeling. A smudged label prompted a double take in my early days, nearly leading to dosing a reaction with the wrong chemical. Full chemical names, concentration where it matters, date received, and hazard warnings help everyone from new trainees to experienced chemists.
Keeping records updated isn’t bureaucracy for bureaucracy’s sake. Inventories prevent runaway orders, prevent redundancy, and show inspectors you’re taking safety seriously. Besides, nothing builds trust faster across a team than knowing the person before you was looking out for the next in line.
4-(P-Chlorophenyl)Piperidin-4-Ol may not stand out in most people’s vocabulary, but its role in the chemistry and pharmaceutical world makes it a compound worth knowing about. With the “p-chlorophenyl” group attached to a piperidine ring, this molecule rides just below the radar of most household names, but scientists and policy-makers give it a hard look, especially due to its structural similarity to some substances that walk on the edge of legal boundaries.
Chemicals like this one can unsettle health and safety experts. Breathing fumes or direct skin contact can bring irritation. Since it has a piperidine backbone, some drug designers search for ways to modify its shape, sometimes leading to synthetic painkillers or other psychoactive substances. Stories from labs show irritation in handled samples, and chemist reports highlight concern for accidental exposure. There’s a reason eye-wash stations and fume hoods see good use in chemical plants dealing with these materials.
Laws covering this compound vary by country. In the United States, it does not appear on the federal Controlled Substances Act’s main list. Still, its relatives have made headlines—for example, the opioid epidemic has brought tighter control over precursors with chemical similarities to 4-(P-Chlorophenyl)Piperidin-4-Ol. The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) keeps an evolving list of substances that look, on a molecular level, quite close to compounds like this. Europe, especially Germany and the UK, sometimes puts blanket bans on families of substances if drug makers pivot to new molecules to skirt the law. Local authorities have freedom to crack down whenever a new compound plays a role in illegal drug markets. For businesses working with niche compounds, checking both state and federal lists before purchase or sale proves more than just good practice—it stops fines and unexpected visits from regulators.
The open market rarely sees this compound in its pure form. Research labs and a few specialized manufacturers keep it stocked for legitimate research or industrial synthesis. Very little risk exists for most people walking down the street. Lab workers stand at the front line. Gloves, goggles, and training in safe handling bring the risk down, but one careless moment can end in a trip to the doctor. It pays to remember: chemistry classes drill safety again and again for a reason. Exposure through water or food would require a truly catastrophic spill in a factory, which strict regulations seek to prevent.
Companies can never treat chemical safety like yesterday’s news. Tracking the movements of substances like 4-(P-Chlorophenyl)Piperidin-4-Ol from warehouse to workbench should be standard operating procedure. Regular audits, good labeling, and up-to-date staff training do not only keep people safe—they also prove compliance if the authorities knock. On a broader level, regulators can require chemical manufacturers to flag suspicious orders and report unusual shipments. That puts a speed bump on the road to illegal drug labs. Public databases detailing the hazards help emergency responders deal with accidents fast, limiting harm if something slips through the cracks.
The safety and regulation of chemicals like 4-(P-Chlorophenyl)Piperidin-4-Ol cross many fields: chemistry, law, public health, and ethics. While most people will never touch or even see this substance, its links to real concerns around drug policy and lab safety mean it will keep drawing scrutiny. Smart policies, careful tracking, and a culture of safety keep both workers and the wider public safe from accidental or deliberate harm.
Purity levels drive a lot of decision-making in chemical sourcing. In pharmaceutical or chemical research, even a single percentage point can influence results. For 4-(P-Chlorophenyl)Piperidin-4-Ol, labs typically hunt for purity above 98%. Anything below strains the reliability of outcomes, especially as contaminants leave their mark on test data. Analytical reference standards usually exceed 99%, supporting rigorous applications. Everyday chemical intermediates may come in slightly less pure forms, but the best labs always check the certificate of analysis closely. A trusted supplier backs up claims with third-party test results—personal experience has shown that some vendors shave corners, leading to headaches down the line.
Using a material that is a percentage point off in purity means more than just extra background noise in your work. Unwanted byproducts creep in and react where you least expect. That unexpected impurity can tip off an alarm on your mass spectrometer or introduce false positives. The risks aren’t just academic, either. Missteps can lead to lost contracts and mistrust in client relationships. Most leading suppliers offer a quality guarantee, and it's wise to keep past batch data as a reference, documenting changes in supplier standards.
Shipping chemicals isn’t like picking up sugar at the grocery store. For 4-(P-Chlorophenyl)Piperidin-4-Ol, the most common package sizes fall in the range of a few grams to several kilograms. Research labs favor 1g, 5g, or 10g vials, prized for traceability and easy sample handling. Bulk users in pharmaceutical synthesis may order 100g, 500g, or sometimes up to 1kg. Larger sizes over 1 kilogram rarely ship without extra documentation, since compliance and safety rules stack up quickly. Sometimes, trade-off decisions involve weighing small-unit pricing against budget limits and anticipated use.
Mismatches between advertised and real purity levels have frustrated plenty of buyers, myself included. Certificates that look official sometimes tell only half the story. Lab validation solves this, but comes with extra time and cost. One useful practice: always request a recent certificate of analysis and look beyond boldface purity figures—impurity profiles matter just as much.
Another pitfall comes from choosing a packaging size that doesn’t fit the scale of work. Opening a large container multiple times exposes contents to moisture and contaminants. A few years ago, my team switched to smaller aliquots, which cut waste and lowered the risk of batch contamination. Discussing needs openly with suppliers can sometimes uncover more flexible packaging options.
Reliable chemical distribution thrives on honest documentation and consistency. User feedback and supplier track records matter. A supplier with clear contacts and responsive technical support stands a head above those who just post catalogs online. Tracking trends in purity claims or packaging complaints on industry forums has pointed me toward reputable sources more than once.
Solid supply agreements, transparent documentation, and routine in-house quality checks turn an unpredictable process into manageable risk. Technology helps too; digital lot tracking now ties every vial or drum back to its testing data. The best outcomes come from viewing procurement as a partnership: suppliers gain a loyal customer, and buyers reduce the risk of ruined experiments or regulatory trouble.
| Names | |
| Preferred IUPAC name | 4-(4-chlorophenyl)piperidin-4-ol |
| Other names |
1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-4-hydroxypiperidine 4-(4-Chlorophenyl)piperidin-4-ol PCP-OH |
| Pronunciation | /ˈfɔːr pə ˌklɔːrəˈfiːnəl ˌpɪpəˈraɪdɪn ˈfɔːr ɒl/ |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number | 77146-78-6 |
| 3D model (JSmol) | `4-(C1=CC=C(C=C1)Cl)N2CCC(O)CC2` |
| Beilstein Reference | 101524 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:68606 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL48159 |
| ChemSpider | 21106311 |
| DrugBank | DB01544 |
| ECHA InfoCard | ECHA InfoCard: 100.118.732 |
| EC Number | EC 203-991-9 |
| Gmelin Reference | 72973 |
| KEGG | C11370 |
| MeSH | D029426 |
| PubChem CID | 10305444 |
| RTECS number | TZ4300000 |
| UNII | 7D64GL727P |
| UN number | UN2811 |
| Properties | |
| Chemical formula | C11H14ClNO |
| Molar mass | 227.7 g/mol |
| Appearance | White solid |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Density | 1.2 g/cm3 |
| Solubility in water | Slightly soluble |
| log P | 2.7 |
| Vapor pressure | 5.7E-7 mmHg |
| Acidity (pKa) | 14.21 |
| Basicity (pKb) | 4.32 |
| Magnetic susceptibility (χ) | -77.45e-6 cm³/mol |
| Refractive index (nD) | 1.597 |
| Dipole moment | 2.61 D |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Std molar entropy (S⦵298) | 370.6 J·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹ |
| Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) | -47.6 kJ/mol |
| Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298) | -4771.2 kJ/mol |
| Pharmacology | |
| ATC code | N07XX15 |
| Hazards | |
| Main hazards | Causes skin irritation. Causes serious eye irritation. May cause respiratory irritation. |
| GHS labelling | GHS07, GHS08 |
| Pictograms | health hazard", "irritant", "environment |
| Signal word | Warning |
| Hazard statements | H302, H315, H319, H335 |
| Precautionary statements | P264, P270, P301+P312, P330, P501 |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | 2-2-0 Health=2, Flammability=2, Instability=0 |
| Flash point | 116°C |
| LD50 (median dose) | LD50 (oral, rat) = 325 mg/kg |
| NIOSH | RN 77191 |
| PEL (Permissible) | PEL (Permissible Exposure Limit) for 4-(P-Chlorophenyl)Piperidin-4-Ol is not specifically established by OSHA or other major regulatory agencies. |
| REL (Recommended) | 50mg |
| IDLH (Immediate danger) | Not established |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds |
4-(P-Fluorophenyl)piperidin-4-ol 4-(P-Methoxyphenyl)piperidin-4-ol 4-(P-Bromophenyl)piperidin-4-ol 4-(P-Methylphenyl)piperidin-4-ol 4-Phenylpiperidin-4-ol |
