Chemical Name: 2-Pyrrolidone
Chemical Formula: C4H7NO
Synonyms: Pyrrolidin-2-one, γ-Butyrolactam
CAS Number: 616-45-5
Recommended Use: Solvent, industrial intermediate, pharmaceutical applications
Manufacturer: Supplier information found on the product label
Emergency Contact: Refer to local or international emergency hotline
GHS Classification: Eye irritation Category 2, Skin irritation Category 2
Signal Word: Warning
Hazard Statements: Causes skin irritation, causes serious eye irritation
Pictograms: Exclamation mark
Precautionary Statements: Avoid contact with skin and eyes, use appropriate protective gear
Potential Health Effects: Eye, skin, and upper respiratory irritation
Target Organs: Eyes, skin, respiratory tract
Main Ingredient: 2-Pyrrolidone
Concentration: 99% or greater by weight
Impurities: Water <1%, other trace organic compounds <0.5%
Eye Contact: Rinse immediately under running water for at least 15 minutes, remove contact lenses several minutes into rinsing, seek medical attention if irritation persists
Skin Contact: Wash thoroughly with plenty of soap and water, remove contaminated clothing and shoes, seek medical help if symptoms follow
Inhalation: Remove to fresh air, monitor for any signs of distress or difficulty breathing, provide oxygen or artificial respiration if needed, consult a physician
Ingestion: Rinse mouth with water, offer small quantities of water to drink, do not induce vomiting, seek medical help promptly
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use dry chemical, foam, carbon dioxide, or water spray
Fire Hazards: Combustion can form nitrogen oxides, carbon oxides
Protective Equipment for Firefighters: Firefighters wear self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective clothing
Special Procedures: Cool exposed containers with water spray, avoid direct water stream on burning liquid
Personal Precautions: Wear appropriate protective equipment, ensure proper ventilation, keep unprotected individuals away
Environmental Precautions: Prevent entry into drains, surface water, and soil
Cleanup Methods: Collect with inert absorbent material, scoop into suitable containers for disposal, wash area with plenty of water
Handling: Work in well-ventilated areas, minimize contact with skin and eyes, avoid formation of vapor or aerosols
Storage Conditions: Keep containers tightly closed, store in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated place, protect from direct sunlight, incompatible materials include strong oxidizers and acids
Container Materials: Store in containers made of compatible chemical-resistant materials
Engineering Controls: Use local exhaust ventilation, maintain adequate general ventilation
Eye Protection: Chemical safety goggles or face shield
Skin Protection: Protective gloves made of nitrile or neoprene, long-sleeved laboratory coat
Respiratory Protection: Use a NIOSH-approved respirator if exposure limits are exceeded or dust, mist, or vapors are present
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands thoroughly after handling, avoid eating or drinking in the work area
Appearance: Clear, colorless to pale yellow liquid
Odor: Mild, amine-like
Boiling Point: 245°C (473°F)
Melting Point: 24-26°C (75-79°F)
Flash Point: 129°C (264°F) (Closed cup)
Vapor Pressure: 0.03 mmHg at 25°C
Solubility in Water: Miscible
pH: 8-10 (10% solution)
Density: 1.116 g/cm³ at 25°C
Viscosity: 14.3 mPa.s at 25°C
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage and handling conditions
Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, anhydrides
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Nitrogen oxides, carbon oxides
Conditions to Avoid: Excess heat, sources of ignition, prolonged exposure to light or moisture
Acute Toxicity (Oral LD50–rat): 6500 mg/kg
Acute Toxicity (Dermal LD50–rabbit): >5000 mg/kg
Skin Irritation: Moderate
Eye Irritation: Severe
Sensitization: Not classified as a sensitizer
Chronic Effects: No evidence of carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, or reproductive toxicity at industrial exposures
Other Information: Repeated exposure may cause dryness or cracking of skin, upper respiratory tract irritation
Aquatic Toxicity: LC50 (fish, 96 hrs): >100 mg/L
Biodegradability: Readily biodegradable
Bioaccumulation Potential: Low, due to good water solubility
Other Adverse Effects: Harmful in large quantities to aquatic life due to oxygen depletion; prevent discharge into waterways
Disposal Methods: Follow local, regional, and national regulations; consult local authority for arrangements
Unused Product: Consider hazardous waste; incinerate or dispose at licensed facility
Used Containers: Rinse thoroughly and dispose as chemical waste
Contaminated Materials: Treat as hazardous, avoid release to environment
UN Number: Not classified as dangerous for transport
Transport Hazard Class: Not regulated
Packing Group: Not applicable
Environmental Hazards: None prescribed under transport regulations
Transportation Precautions: Secure containers, avoid leakage or spillage during transit
OSHA Status: Not a hazardous chemical under OSHA Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200)
TSCA Inventory: Listed
EU (REACH) Status: Registered
Other Regulations: Subject to workplace airborne exposure limits in some jurisdictions; not listed as a carcinogen or reproductive toxin by NTP, IARC, or OSHA
