Chemists began showing interest in substituted piperazines around the mid-twentieth century after noticing how simple structural tweaks could unlock new pharmacological profiles or boost process efficiencies. 2-Methylpiperazine entered the scene as researchers probed possibilities for modifying base piperazine structures. Its introduction mirrored a period in chemical history where the pharmaceutical and specialty chemicals world was hungry for better intermediates—molecules that let them dream up new, more targeted drugs and specialty materials. Over years, refining the methods for making 2-methylpiperazine became a key focus for synthetic organic chemists, each iteration aiming for greater yield, clearer product, and safer handling. Its story emerges from a blend of curiosity and necessity, a product shaped not just by bench science but also by changing industry demands.
2-Methylpiperazine shows up as a colorless to lightly yellow liquid at room temperature. It promises versatility, offering both reactivity and stability for myriad uses. Folks use it as a building block in both small- and large-scale organic synthesis, fine chemical production, and more. Its unique chemical backbone allows developers to pop on functional groups that fit into bigger, more elaborate molecules—making it valuable not just as an end-point product but as a crucial starting piece on longer synthetic journeys. You get a working partner without unneeded fuss, helping move advanced projects forward with a simple, reliable core structure.
At a glance, 2-methylpiperazine’s properties include a boiling point hovering around 138–140°C and a melting point typically below room temperature. The compound is pretty soluble in water and most common organics, which makes life easier in the lab and on the plant floor. Its moderate basicity—from the two nitrogen atoms—plays right into its role as a nucleophile and as a chelating agent in complex reactions. Chemical stability under ambient conditions means storage gets straightforward, and reactivity can be dialed in with predictable results. Smelling a bit fishy, as piperazines tend to do, it’s immediately recognizable and easy to distinguish during use.
Buyers usually expect to see a purity above 98%, confirmed through techniques like gas chromatography or HPLC. Documentation from reliable suppliers details trace-level impurities—moisture, amines, nonvolatile contaminants. Packaging information, hazard lines, and GHS-compliant labeling make sure users don’t feel uncertain about what’s inside. Clear batch records and analysis sheets matter, especially when the material heads towards regulated fields such as pharmaceuticals. Each drum, bottle, or vial comes tagged with a lot number, date of manufacture, and safety language in plain view. Experience tells me that trusting the documentation goes hand in hand with trusting the chemistry, especially in scaled operations.
Most routes for making 2-methylpiperazine start with piperazine as a core ingredient. Alkylation using methylating agents—say, methyl halides—does the job. Reaction optimization focuses on getting the methyl group onto the preferred position with the least amount of over-alkylation. Catalytic conditions give cleaner reactions, lower waste and in my experience save loads of cleanup work after the run. Finished product comes out through distillation and solvent washes, then dries under reduced pressure. Some labs fine-tune conditions using green chemistry principles, swapping out old school hazardous methylators in favor of safer, more manageable reagents.
2-Methylpiperazine’s nitrogen atoms invite a suite of reactions that creative chemists love. You see acylation, sulfonation, reductive alkylation, and, on rare occasions, tough ring-opening tricks to make even more intricate compounds. Its backbone can get functionalized at the methyl position, giving new patterns of reactivity. Medicinal chemists chase down analogs by using the compound as a handle for appending side chains that play critical roles in drug candidates. Reactivity with electrophiles feels both manageable and predictable, and switching out substituents rarely breaks the molecule’s robust structure unless you aim for something radical. Each reaction unlocks fresh applications, broadening the list of what industries can dream up with this simple building block.
On the market and literature, the compound sometimes appears under alternate names like N-methylpiperazine, 2-methyl-hexahydropyrazine, or simply as Methylpiperazine with a positional prefix. Trusted suppliers and catalogs use CAS numbers for clarity, but in daily conversation in the lab, shorthand terms rule. Researchers and procurement teams rely on synonyms to cross-reference products and check compliance against local and international guidelines, knowing that clarity in naming can make or break smooth ordering, especially across borders and languages.
Safety doesn’t take a back seat, even with a molecule that many see as routine. 2-Methylpiperazine could irritate skin, eyes, or respiratory tracts; gloves and goggles stay as standard gear. Ventilation keeps the air clear—nobody wants headaches or worse from stray vapors. Storage means dry, well-sealed containers, guarded against strong acids or oxidizers. Workplace protocols recommend regular training for everyone handling the product. Spill kits, eyewash stations, and well-rehearsed emergency drills put peace of mind within reach. Transport rules call for compliant labeling and mitigation steps for accidental exposure, enforced by local authority checks. I’ve seen teams take short cuts, but the costs never justify the brief gains in speed—safety lapses invite downtime, waste, and sometimes regulatory headaches.
Pharmaceuticals form the biggest draw, where 2-methylpiperazine acts as an intermediate for pain meds, antipsychotics, and antiviral agents. Agrochemicals use it for crop protection molecules, helping boost resistance against pests without raising toxicity concerns unduly. You’ll see it in specialty polymers and coatings, where chemical resistance or flexibility can be tuned by adding the piperazine core. For water treatment, its chelation ability helps clean up heavy metal contamination—an unsung role that matters to communities worldwide. I’ve even seen research groups explore derivatives as corrosion inhibitors or as scaffolds in supramolecular chemistry, opening fresh ground in materials science and advanced engineering.
Recent efforts in R&D focus on greening up production routes and cutting environmental impact. Labs experiment with alternative solvents and milder reagents, while keeping an eye on cost, scalability, and waste reduction. Analytical research sharpens the measurement of impurities, leading to higher batch reproducibility. Drug discovery teams chase new derivatives, tweaking the core 2-methyl substituent to explore untapped biological activity. Advances in computational chemistry now predict possible modifications before ever making the first batch, saving time and raw materials. Collaboration with regulatory bodies helps steer research towards products with safer handling and simpler compliance—key in future-proofing any process that relies on this versatile molecule.
Studies point towards moderate acute toxicity, with skin and eye irritation as the most frequent complaints. Inhalation or ingestion calls for immediate first aid, and chronic exposure should get avoided altogether. Animal studies measure LD50 values, informing safe workplace exposure levels, while long-term bioaccumulation checks for environmental side effects. Toxicologists dig deep into metabolic pathways, flagging potential hazards that could show up in pharmaceutical end-products. Experience in regulatory review reminds me that even ‘routine’ chemicals need a steady stream of fresh data to keep safety sheets and procedures up to current standards—no room for complacency.
Interest in 2-methylpiperazine keeps growing as industries hunt for new, cost-effective intermediates with a proven record of stability and reactivity. Pharmaceutical pipelines rely on intermediates that help shorten routes to new drugs, while greener chemistry initiatives drive upgrades in manufacturing and waste handling. Analytical breakthroughs sharpen purity profiles, which feed directly into drug safety and environmental stewardship. Demand for better, safer process aids in agri- and water chemistry will keep the molecule relevant in a changing regulatory climate. Everyone in the field—from process chemists to safety managers—faces the challenge of balancing demand with responsible care and constant innovation. The future hangs on smarter chemistry and an ear to industry trends—an old chemical with plenty of new chapters still to come.
2-Methylpiperazine may sound like a name straight from a chemistry textbook, but its uses go far beyond the laboratory. With its six-membered ring and two nitrogen atoms, this compound has quite a knack for showing up where people need real progress—whether building new medicines, strengthening crop protection, or improving specialty materials.
Most of the time, when people hear about a chemical like 2-Methylpiperazine, they don't picture drug discovery. Yet, for researchers and manufacturers, 2-Methylpiperazine proves invaluable. Its structure makes it a strong backbone in the creation of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). Companies developing medicines often start with such building blocks to craft complex molecules, hoping to improve treatment options for things like cancer or infections.
Chemists appreciate how the methyl group in 2-Methylpiperazine allows tweaking a molecule’s activity. That’s key in early drug trials—small changes in a molecule can tip the balance between effectiveness and side effects. Several antihistamines, antidepressants, and even tuberculosis medicines depend on similar starting pieces. A reliable supply of compounds like 2-Methylpiperazine keeps these innovations moving forward.
Agriculture often benefits from quiet breakthroughs in chemistry. In the fields, pests and diseases threaten crops year after year. Crop scientists hunt for molecules that protect plants but break down safely in the environment. 2-Methylpiperazine helps create these selective agents. Many new fungicides and herbicides trace their origins back to this chemistry. By improving the core structure of protective agents, farms gain stronger tools for fighting threats, ensuring food security stays one step ahead.
Along with new products comes the responsibility to limit environmental impact. Modern agrochemicals using 2-Methylpiperazine-based structures are often designed for quicker breakdown, fitting in with global pushes toward eco-friendly agriculture.
While medicines and agriculture get most of the attention, 2-Methylpiperazine finds a place in the world of polymers and resins. Manufacturers seek out strong yet flexible frameworks for coatings, adhesives, and specialty plastics. The chemical’s ability to react cleanly and form stable bonds makes it a practical ingredient in epoxy systems and modified polyamide resins.
I recall a project where replacing a hazardous compound with 2-Methylpiperazine led to safer cured coatings. The performance stayed strong, but the reduced toxicity made workers feel more secure on the job. Stories like this ripple through manufacturing, nudging industries toward chemicals that lower risk for both people and the planet.
Work doesn’t stop at making new molecules. Sourcing reliable 2-Methylpiperazine often matters just as much. Factories producing pharmaceuticals and crop protection agents rely on steady shipments to keep their lines running. Problems in the supply chain slow down these essential industries, sometimes delaying products that people need.
Handling this compound also demands respect for safety. Like most chemicals, it brings potential hazards—skin irritation or worse, if mishandled. Proper labeling, storage, and personal protective gear always take center stage in any setting using 2-Methylpiperazine. Many companies train workers and keep updated Material Safety Data Sheets within reach; a culture of safety protects teams and meets strict legal requirements.
Each field using 2-Methylpiperazine faces a similar challenge: push for performance, but not at any cost. Researchers search for ways to recycle waste and recover solvents. Some labs use greener production methods, starting with renewable raw materials. These shifts make a difference—they cut pollution and curb the risks tied to chemical manufacturing.
2-Methylpiperazine serves as more than a chemistry footnote; it’s one reason for better medicines, safer workplaces, and healthier crops. By using this compound thoughtfully, industries can scale progress without turning back on the health of people or the environment.
2-Methylpiperazine grabs attention in more settings than most realize. People working in pharmaceutical research often bump into this molecule. Others in chemical labs rely on compounds like this to build new projects, whether it’s drugs, coatings, polymers, or specialty ingredients. Its formula, C5H12N2, isn’t just numbers and letters— it’s a tool, and knowing it can move science forward. There’s a reason experienced scientists place this formula at the center of planning. Just a single methyl group shifts the molecule’s properties and what it can do inside a synthesis or an industrial scenario.
The backbone: piperazine is a six-membered ring with two nitrogens sitting opposite each other. Add a methyl group to the number two spot on the ring, and suddenly you have a slightly bulkier, more versatile unit. That methyl group changes the way the molecule interacts with other chemicals. The formula, C5H12N2, stands for five carbons, a dozen hydrogens, and two nitrogens. It sounds small, but it plays a big role in the lab.
A teacher once tossed this formula at me during a college organic chemistry quiz. It seemed like trivia at first. That changed the week a lab project ran into a wall—cats clawing their way out was less chaotic than our beakers—because we’d used the wrong chemical variant. Instead of 2-Methylpiperazine, we’d grabbed the plain version, so our results looked nothing like the literature promised.
Learning from mistakes means asking questions and digging deeper into the world behind simple formulas. The difference between a methyl group’s presence or absence might turn a potential medicine into something useless or even hazardous. Knowing details like C5H12N2 strengthens trust between chemists, manufacturers, and patients down the line.
The world sits in the middle of a battle for accurate, transparent information. If you can’t trust the label on your chemicals, research slows, risks climb, and quality drops. Businesses trace every input, and consumers demand clarity about what’s behind their pills or materials. That’s where formulas step in. They cut through language barriers, corporate marketing, or translation mistakes. C5H12N2 speaks out in a universal tongue.
Sometimes, chemical details look dry. Yet in my experience, they keep teams on task, prevent expensive reruns, and stop mistakes before anyone gets hurt. 2-Methylpiperazine’s formula offers more than just a recipe; it lets chemists ask better questions about safety, reactivity, and alternatives. Sharing information in a clear way, grounded in evidence and hands-on results, builds confidence across disciplines. That willingness to stick to the facts, backed by experience and careful study, pushes research and production to better places.
Accurate formulas set the stage for breakthroughs. They also set off alarm bells if something’s off. Whether preparing pharmaceuticals or crafting new coatings, anyone with a stake in chemical precision knows the cost of getting it wrong. One methyl group delivers a twist in function—sometimes subtle, other times game-changing. Remembering why details matter, even in small molecules, helps science deliver safer, more useful solutions for everyone.
2-Methylpiperazine pops up in certain chemical manufacturing and pharmaceutical industries. I’ve personally seen it used in some research labs, often as a building block for medicinal compounds. At first glance, it looks like just another clear liquid in a bottle, but it pays to look beneath the label and think about the risks that come with handling this stuff.
Breathing in or spilling small amounts may not always result in disaster. Still, safety data sheets tell a consistent story: it can burn the skin, cause serious eye irritation, and send strong fumes into the air. Even without fancy degrees or years in the field, anyone can feel the sting in their nose if a whiff escapes a cracked container. I know chemists who’ve gotten a rude surprise while neglecting gloves or skimping on ventilation. Symptoms like headaches, dizziness, and even breathing trouble can kick in if you’re exposed for longer than you realize.
Toxicity shouldn’t be brushed aside. According to the European Chemicals Agency, 2-Methylpiperazine is classified as hazardous, with recognized dangers if inhaled, swallowed, or splashed on skin. Animal studies hint at damage to organs after repeated exposure. That’s more than a minor inconvenience; that’s a warning sign for anyone working with or around it daily.
Eyes carry extra risk. A splash can irritate enough to blur your vision for hours or longer. Skin contact raises the risk of redness and blistering, especially without the right barrier. I once saw a tech who handled the compound barehanded as though it was just water; by afternoon, he had to stop work and nurse a nasty rash.
Most stories of chemical injuries share the same refrain—skipped safety habits. Simple fixes exist. Wear chemical-resistant gloves and goggles. Work under a fume hood and never trust “small amounts” to behave. Cleaning up spills early gets rid of airborne vapors before they cause headaches or worse.
Companies can also do their part. Training makes a difference. Routine drills on handling chemicals, from storage to disposal, spread awareness and build caution into the daily routine. Workers with clear instructions and reliable access to safety gear rarely end up in the emergency room. Employers open about risks and ready with prompt medical response keep their teams stronger and healthier.
Chemicals like 2-Methylpiperazine carry potential that pushes science forward, but they demand respect. Our health and well-being always outweigh convenience or speed. Pay attention to each label and heed those warnings. In my time managing research labs, the safest teams were always the ones that took hazards seriously. If there’s doubt, ask questions—nobody regrets being too careful after the fact.
2-Methylpiperazine serves its purpose in industry and labs, but every use brings responsibilities that can’t be shrugged off. Vigilance, protection, and honest conversations about danger go further than any chemical formula when it comes to people’s lives.
Over years spent in laboratories, small lapses in handling chemicals have taught me that shortcuts can end up causing big problems. Take 2-Methylpiperazine, for example. Many folks see it as just another colorless liquid, but even the most ordinary-seeming chemicals call for real attention in storage. I've seen how an overlooked cap or a poorly labeled bottle can risk not just property, but health. The aim here is to keep people, workplaces, and the environment out of harm's way.
2-Methylpiperazine needs a cool, dry place. Don't push it by letting temperatures climb, since high heat or direct sunlight increases evaporation. You want steady room temperature, ideally between 15–25°C. Basements with good airflow or ventilated chemical storage cabinets work well in my experience. Keep it away from anything that might fluctuate temperatures—no sunny windowsills or shelves near radiators. Consistency makes a difference because repeated changes hasten container wear and can spark unwanted chemical reactions.
Anyone who's worked with amines knows certain chemicals cannot sit together on a shelf. 2-Methylpiperazine reacts with acids and strong oxidizers. I've seen a shelf of chemicals wiped out by a single spill thanks to poor segregation. Give this one its own space, away from such reactives. Store acids well apart—different shelves, separate cabinets, whatever works best for your setup. No one wants unexpected fumes or worse caused by an overnight leak. Good practices like this not only follow safety rules, they keep emergencies from starting at all.
Storing any organic liquid gets safer with the right bottle. Glass works for lots of substances, but I stick with HDPE or other resistant plastics for 2-Methylpiperazine. A tight lid really matters, because no one wants the stuff evaporating into the air. Label with clear dates and chemical names. I've learned that rushed labels or faded marker lead to confusion and mistakes. Up-to-date safety data and hazard icons can remind people of the precautions even if they’ve worked with the chemical before.
Every lab I’ve worked in that stores amines runs the same golden rule: good air movement near storage areas. 2-Methylpiperazine doesn’t smell pleasant and the fumes can irritate. Ventilated cabinets or fume hoods do their part to protect people day after day. Keep spill kits nearby. It only takes one accident to realize the importance of easy access to absorbent materials, neutralizers, and protective gloves. Cleanups are fast, controlled, and don’t sweep the problem under the rug.
Following science-backed storage guidelines does not just tick a compliance box. It’s about making sure the chemical does its intended job and avoids causing headaches or harm. Throw out expired product, audit labels every month, and train every staff member who opens a bottle. The best safety culture comes from steady habits, not fancy gadgets. Simple routines—checking for leaks, closing lids, and sticking with designated cabinets—keep 2-Methylpiperazine from ever turning into a bigger issue. Good storage isn’t about obsessing. It’s what lets real work happen, without distractions or worry, every single day.
2-Methylpiperazine shows up in chemical catalogs, scientific papers, and plenty of regulatory lists. Its CAS number—something folks in laboratories pay close attention to—is 109-08-0. Now, to someone outside the world of science, that string of numbers might look random. Inside the lab, missing or messing up a CAS number can waste days or put safety on the line.
Every researcher, procurement specialist, or regulatory compliance officer has spent frantic minutes searching for chemicals by their correct identifier. A lot of us have been there: two compounds with names that look almost identical, but only one is the right one for a reaction or a batch. Using the CAS number 109-08-0 for 2-Methylpiperazine removes any guesswork. The stakes climb for industries making pharmaceuticals, dyes, or polymers, where a mistake isn't just inconvenient—it can risk health, burn budgets, or halt an entire process.
Lab techs, delivery personnel, and customs agents worldwide depend on CAS numbers to talk about chemicals—regardless of language or local naming customs. Mixing up methylpiperazines with other piperazines could mean a failed batch or, worse, dangerous conditions for workers handling the material. That experience sticks with you after one near-miss, and it’s why most professional SOPs remind people to look for the CAS, not just the name.
Quality control officers and auditors travel between research institutes or manufacturing plants, and each chemical needs to match listed inventory exactly. This isn’t just bureaucratic busywork. Regulatory agencies visit at random and pull samples to check them against inventory records. Any mismatch with a CAS number can trigger penalties or delays that slow down projects for weeks. In medicine, using the right chemical under the right number prevents confusion between active pharmaceutical ingredients, impurities, and related substances. For years, labs have relied on CAS numbers because a single digit out of place can mean the wrong substance entirely.
Companies face tighter rules every year. International standards demand documentation for every bottle, from research-grade labs to massive industrial tanks. For someone involved in product safety or intellectual property, seeing CAS 109-08-0 listed for 2-Methylpiperazine builds trust in the supply chain. It's proof of authenticity that both producer and customer recognize. The number becomes a shared handshake that two parties are talking about the same thing.
Plenty of organizations count on digital inventory tools and supplier verification systems. Still, mistakes happen—old names, misprinted labels, or mix-ups in communication. Businesses could encourage routine double-checks and continuous education about the risks of relying only on tradenames. Clear interface designs in software make selecting a chemical by its CAS number as easy as picking an item from a grocery store shelf. Investment in staff training protects both people and the business bottom line.
At the end of the day, accuracy saves time, money, and sometimes even lives. Knowledge, experience, and respect for details like the CAS number 109-08-0 for 2-Methylpiperazine shield companies and communities from costly mistakes. Building smarter habits today means fewer headaches and safer workplaces tomorrow.
| Names | |
| Preferred IUPAC name | 6-Methylpiperazine |
| Other names |
2-Methyl-1,4-diazacyclohexane N-Methylpiperazine |
| Pronunciation | /tuː-ˈmɛθɪl-paɪˈpɛrəˌziːn/ |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number | 109-08-0 |
| Beilstein Reference | 127873 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:48757 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL15311 |
| ChemSpider | 11193 |
| DrugBank | DB04240 |
| ECHA InfoCard | 19b0f22a-afd5-4fa4-b49b-7be05ef2e001 |
| EC Number | 202-915-3 |
| Gmelin Reference | 8323 |
| KEGG | C06323 |
| MeSH | D008884 |
| PubChem CID | 7279 |
| RTECS number | TZ3676000 |
| UNII | 7T00AO098H |
| UN number | UN2734 |
| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | DTXSID6020287 |
| Properties | |
| Chemical formula | C5H14N2 |
| Molar mass | 100.17 g/mol |
| Appearance | Colorless to pale yellow liquid |
| Odor | amine-like |
| Density | 0.911 g/mL |
| Solubility in water | miscible |
| log P | -0.2 |
| Vapor pressure | 0.58 mmHg (25 °C) |
| Acidity (pKa) | 9.8 |
| Basicity (pKb) | 4.83 |
| Refractive index (nD) | 1.502 |
| Viscosity | 1.29 mPa·s (at 20 °C) |
| Dipole moment | 2.05 D |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Std molar entropy (S⦵298) | 243.6 J·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹ |
| Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) | –50.1 kJ/mol |
| Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298) | -3732.8 kJ/mol |
| Hazards | |
| Main hazards | Causes severe skin burns and eye damage. Harmful if swallowed, in contact with skin or if inhaled. |
| GHS labelling | GHS02, GHS05, GHS06, GHS08 |
| Pictograms | GHS05,GHS07 |
| Signal word | Warning |
| Hazard statements | H302, H314, H317, H319 |
| Precautionary statements | P261, P280, P305+P351+P338, P337+P313 |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | 1-3-0 |
| Flash point | 63 °C |
| Autoignition temperature | 240 °C |
| Explosive limits | 3.2–19.8% |
| Lethal dose or concentration | LD50 (oral, rat): 2140 mg/kg |
| LD50 (median dose) | LD50 (median dose): Oral rat LD50 1600 mg/kg |
| NIOSH | DN9260000 |
| PEL (Permissible) | PEL: Not established |
| REL (Recommended) | 200-500 mg |
| IDLH (Immediate danger) | 150 ppm |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds |
Piperazine 1-Methylpiperazine 1,4-Dimethylpiperazine 2,5-Dimethylpiperazine 2-Ethylpiperazine |
