Product Name: 2,3-Dichloropyrazine
Chemical Formula: C4H2Cl2N2
CAS Number: 1603-41-4
Synonyms: Pyrazine, 2,3-dichloro-
Recommended Use: Laboratory chemical, chemical synthesis
Manufacturer Details: Chemical supplier contact information, address, emergency phone numbers
Emergency Overview: Light yellow to pale brown crystalline solid, distinct odor
Restrictions on Use: Not for food, drug, pesticide, or biocidal product use
GHS Classification: Acute toxicity (oral, dermal, inhalation) Category 4, Skin irritation Category 2, Eye irritation Category 2A
Signal Word: Warning
Hazard Statements: Harmful if swallowed, harmful in contact with skin, causes skin irritation, causes serious eye irritation
Pictograms: Exclamation mark
Precautionary Statements: Wash thoroughly after handling, avoid breathing dust or vapor, wear protective gloves and eye/face protection, do not eat or drink while using the product
Other Hazards: Formation of toxic gases possible after decomposition, accumulation of vapors possible in low-lying areas
Chemical Name: 2,3-Dichloropyrazine
CAS Number: 1603-41-4
Concentration: ≥98% (varies by supplier batch)
Impurities: Trace halogenated pyrazines or unreacted pyrazine
Stabilizing Additives: None reported
Eye Contact: Rinse immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, lift upper and lower eyelids occasionally, seek medical attention right after exposure
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, rinse skin using soap and water for at least 15 minutes, obtain medical attention
Inhalation: Remove to fresh air, support breathing, keep at rest, seek immediate medical advice if symptoms appear
Ingestion: Rinse mouth thoroughly, do not induce vomiting, call a poison information center or physician
Symptoms: Irritation, burning sensation, shortness of breath, nausea, dizziness
Notes to Physician: Treat symptomatically and provide supportive measures as needed
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Dry chemical, carbon dioxide, alcohol-resistant foam, water spray applied in a fine mist
Unsuitable Media: Strong water jet may spread fire
Special Hazards: Combustion releases nitrogen oxides, hydrogen chloride, and carbon oxides
Protective Equipment: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective clothing
Firefighting Instructions: Move containers from fire if it can be done safely, cool exposed containers with water, avoid breathing fumes, prevent runoff into drains or water sources
Personal Precautions: Use personal protective equipment, avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing, ventilate affected area
Environmental Precautions: Prevent entry into sewers, basements, or confined areas, avoid groundwater contamination
Cleanup Methods: Sweep up spills using non-sparking tools, place in sealable, labeled waste containers, decontaminate surface with soap and water
Additional Advice: Report releases as required by local, regional, and national authorities
Handling: Handle in a chemical fume hood, minimize dust formation, keep container tightly closed, avoid eating, drinking, or smoking during handling, use procedures to minimize contact
Storage: Store away from oxidizers, acids, bases, and sources of ignition, in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, in original container, keep out of reach of children
Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidizing agents, reducing agents, strong acids and bases
Storage Temperature: 2-8°C recommended
Special Packaging: Use containers made of compatible, non-reactive materials, label clearly
Exposure Limits: No OSHA or ACGIH exposure limits established for this compound
Engineering Controls: Use local exhaust ventilation, work in chemical fume hood, maintain eyewash and safety shower stations nearby
Personal Protective Equipment: Chemical-resistant gloves (nitrile or neoprene), safety goggles or face shield, lab coat or chemical-resistant apron, appropriate respiratory protection if dust or vapor generated
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands before breaks and after work, remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse
Appearance: Pale yellow to brownish powder or crystalline solid
Odor: Characteristic, sharp odor
Odor Threshold: Not available
pH: Not available
Melting Point: 74-78°C
Boiling Point: 227-230°C
Flash Point: Not available (material is not considered highly flammable)
Evaporation Rate: Not available
Flammability: Not easily flammable, may combust at high temperatures
Vapor Pressure: Not available, likely low at room temperature
Vapor Density: >1 (Air = 1)
Relative Density: Approximately 1.4 g/cm³
Solubility: Sparingly soluble in water, soluble in organic solvents (chloroform, acetone)
Partition Coefficient (log Kow): Not available
Auto-ignition Temperature: Not determined
Decomposition Temperature: Not established
Viscosity: Not applicable (solid)
Molecular Weight: 149.98 g/mol
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage and handling conditions
Reactivity: May react with strong oxidizing or reducing agents, possible hazardous polymerization not reported
Conditions to Avoid: High temperature, moisture, incompatible substances
Hazardous Decomposition Products: May release chloride compounds, nitrogen oxides, hydrochloric acid, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide under fire or decomposition
Incompatibility: Strong oxidants, acids, bases, metals
Routes of Exposure: Skin contact, eye contact, inhalation, ingestion
Acute Toxicity: Harmful effects observed in animal studies via oral and dermal exposure
Symptoms: Eye and skin irritation, respiratory tract irritation, abdominal pain, nausea, headache upon significant exposure
Chronic Effects: No specific chronic effects established for this compound, long-term exposure may increase sensitivity
Carcinogenicity: Not classified as carcinogen by IARC, NTP, or OSHA
Mutagenicity: Data regarding mutagenic potential is unavailable or inconclusive
Reproductive Effects: No data available
Toxicity to Aquatic Life: May be harmful to aquatic organisms, insufficient specific aquatic toxicity data available
Persistence and Degradability: No rapid biodegradation expected, compound may persist in environment
Bioaccumulative Potential: No significant potential identified, low solubility and moderate volatility
Mobility in Soil: Low mobility anticipated due to partial water solubility
Other Effects: Avoid direct discharge to environment, potential chronic hazards to aquatic organisms if released in large quantities
Disposal Methods: Dispose of through licensed hazardous waste contractor
Contaminated Packaging: Rinse empty containers before disposal, do not reuse containers
Waste Codes: Assign appropriate code in accordance with regional, national, and local regulations
Precautions: Do not discharge into drains, groundwater, or environment; prevent material from entering public sewers or waterways
UN Number: Not assigned/unregulated for ground transport
Proper Shipping Name: 2,3-Dichloropyrazine
Transport Hazard Class: Not regulated
Packing Group: Not applicable
Special Transport Precautions: Avoid direct sunlight, maintain package integrity to prevent spillage or dust, follow packaging and labeling requirements under relevant transportation codes
US Regulations: Not listed on US TSCA Inventory, subject to reporting under SARA Title III for hazardous substances
European Regulations: Reach registration may apply, GHS label elements required
Canadian Regulations: Not specified on DSL/NDSL; safety guidelines under WHMIS classification
Other International Regulations: Observe additional requirements by local regulatory authorities, chemical safety assessment not conducted for end-use by all users
Labeling: GHS-compliant labeling with hazard and precautionary statements, pictograms, signal word, supplier information, and recommended PPE
