Substance Name: 2,3,5-Trimethylpyrazine
Synonyms: Trimethylpyrazine, Pyrazine, 2,3,5-trimethyl-
CAS Number: 14667-55-1
EC Number: 238-709-9
Molecular Formula: C7H10N2
Recommended Uses: Used in flavors, fragrance, food additives
Restrictions: Not for pharmaceutical or veterinary use
Supplier Contact: Chemical manufacturer or distributor, with complete address and 24-hour emergency number
GHS Classification: Eye Irritant (Category 2A), Skin Irritant (Category 3), Specific Target Organ Toxicity – Single Exposure (Category 3)
Signal Word: Warning
Hazard Statements: Causes skin and eye irritation, may cause respiratory irritation, inhalation of dust causes coughing or shortness of breath
Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing dust or vapors, wear protective gloves and eye protection, wash skin thoroughly after handling, avoid release to environment
Symptoms of Exposure: Irritation to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract, headache, dizziness if large amounts are inhaled
Chemical Name: 2,3,5-Trimethylpyrazine
Purity: Typically >98%
CAS Number: 14667-55-1
Hazard Components: No known significant impurities at levels which would affect classification
Impurities: Trace pyrazine-related compounds possible due to synthesis
Inhalation: Remove exposed person to fresh air, rest, and seek medical attention for persistent symptoms
Skin Contact: Wash skin thoroughly with soap and water, remove contaminated clothing, do not apply ointments, seek medical assistance if irritation persists
Eye Contact: Rinse carefully with water for at least fifteen minutes, keeping eyelids open, remove contact lenses, and seek medical help if irritation continues
Ingestion: Rinse mouth, do not induce vomiting, give water if conscious, and get immediate medical advice if large amounts swallowed
Other Recommendations: Treat symptomatically and supportively, information for doctor includes focus on irritation and possible respiratory sensitization
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, carbon dioxide, dry chemical, or foam
Unsuitable Media: Straight water streams can spread burning material
Hazardous Combustion Products: Nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, pyrazine derivatives
Fire Fighting Instructions: Wear full protective gear and self-contained breathing apparatus, fight fire from upwind positions, evacuate area if risk of explosion from containers exists
Special Hazards: Container rupture possible from heat, fumes may irritate eyes and respiratory system
Personal Precautions: Avoid inhalation of dust or vapors, ventilate area, use personal protective equipment including gloves and eye protection
Environmental Precautions: Prevent spillage from entering drains or water sources, inform environmental authorities of large spills
Cleanup Methods: Absorb with inert, non-combustible material like sand, collect in labeled containers for disposal, avoid raising dust, ventilate area after clean-up
Decontamination: Wash spill area with water and detergent, ventilate thoroughly
Handling: Use in well-ventilated areas, avoid contact with skin and eyes, avoid dust generation, wash hands after contact, keep container closed when not in use
Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated place, away from heat and ignition sources, keep container tightly sealed, keep separate from incompatible chemicals like oxidizers
Special Precautions: Ground equipment during transfer to avoid static accumulation, store in original or suitable labeled container, keep out of reach of children
Exposure Limits: No established occupational exposure limits for this material; use good industrial hygiene practice
Engineering Controls: Employ local exhaust and general ventilation to control dust and vapor exposure
Personal Protective Equipment: Chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, protective clothing (aprons or lab coat), appropriate respiratory protection if dust/vapors exceed control limits
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands before breaks and after finishing work, avoid eating, drinking, or smoking in handling area, change contaminated clothing
Appearance: Colorless to pale yellow liquid or crystalline solid (often described as possessing a nutty, roasted aroma)
Odor: Nutty, cocoa-like, coffee, roasted-malt-like smell
Odor Threshold: Low, easily perceptible at concentrations below 1 ppm
Melting Point: Around 14–16°C (57–61°F)
Boiling Point: Approximately 177–180°C (350–356°F)
Vapor Pressure: Low at 20°C
Solubility: Soluble in alcohol, slightly soluble in water
Relative Density: 0.98–1.01 g/cm³ at 20°C
Other Properties: Not volatile at room temperature, may discolor on prolonged exposure to light or air
Chemical Stability: Stable under normal storage and handling conditions
Reactivity: No major hazardous reactions expected under proper conditions
Possibility of Hazardous Reactions: Combines with strong oxidizing agents, risk of exothermic reactions
Conditions to Avoid: Prolonged exposure to heat, light, sources of ignition, excessive moisture
Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidizers such as peroxides, acids
Hazardous Decomposition Products: May release NOx, CO, CO2 on decomposition
Acute Toxicity: Oral LD50 in rats reported above 1000 mg/kg, indicating low acute toxicity
Inhalation: Dust and vapors may irritate respiratory passages
Skin and Eye Contact: Contact can lead to redness, rash, or pain in eyes, may worsen with repeated contact
Chronic Exposure Effects: No strong evidence for carcinogenicity or mutagenicity, chronic irritation possible from repeated use
Sensitization: No known data indicating allergic reactions, but repeated contact should be avoided
Other Health Effects: Nausea, headache, disorientation at high exposure levels, some animal studies suggest moderate oral toxicity
Aquatic Toxicity: Not classified as highly hazardous for aquatic life under GHS, but toxic to aquatic organisms in high concentrations
Persistence/Degradability: Slowly biodegradable in soil and water, long-term buildup unlikely in properly managed conditions
Bioaccumulation Potential: Low, unlikely to concentrate in fish or plants
Mobility: Moderate solubility in water, potential for movement through soil if released
Other Ecological Hazards: Avoid direct disposal to water bodies, inform authorities if significant release occurs
Disposal Methods: Gather waste in suitable containers, hand over to licensed chemical waste disposal contractor, use incineration or controlled landfill as required by regulations
Contaminated Packaging: Rinse thoroughly before recycling or disposal, follow local and national requirements
Extra Precautions: Do not dispose with household waste, avoid dispersal of dust, keep away from drains and sewers
UN Number: Not classified as a dangerous good for transport
Transport Hazard Class: No hazard class assigned
Packing Group: Not regulated
Transportation Notes: Protect container from physical damage, keep away from strong oxidizers during shipment, standard chemical transport procedures apply
Marine Pollutant: Not expected to pose immediate hazard to marine environment, take care to avoid spills in transit
International Inventories: Listed in TSCA (U.S.), EINECS (EU), AICS (Australia), DSL (Canada), and other chemical inventories
Labelling Requirements: GHS-compliant labels including hazard pictograms, statements, and precautionary text
Safety Data Sheet: Must accompany bulk quantities as per OSHA regulations
Other Regulatory Status: Not listed as a controlled substance or priority pollutant, subject to workplace hazard communication and right-to-know rules where applicable
