Chemistry rarely stands still, especially with piperazine derivatives. The story behind 1-[Bis(4-Fluorophenyl)Methyl]Piperazine begins in experimental pharmacology labs that, decades ago, started investigating piperazine scaffolds for psychiatric and antihistaminic agents. Through the '60s and '70s, labs shaped by necessity and curiosity explored aromatic substitutions on piperazine rings, spurred on by early promise in therapy and diagnostics. Watching patents and publications from this period, I noticed researchers searching for better receptor selectivity, which led them to fluorine—an atom capable of tuning bioactivity and metabolic profile. Along the way, bis(4-fluorophenyl) motifs found favor for bolstering hydrophobic interactions in receptor sites, and the journey of this compound soon took hold in medicinal chemistry programs, carving out a niche for both clinical and industrial interest.
The compound 1-[Bis(4-Fluorophenyl)Methyl]Piperazine sits among modern organofluorines where medicinal and synthetic chemists value its robust structural core. The molecular backbone features a central piperazine ring, essential in many drugs, tethered to a bis(4-fluorophenyl)methyl group, creating unique chemical features that shape its function and properties. Companies packaging and supplying this compound market it for advanced research and intermediates in pharmaceuticals, supporting scientists in drug discovery, ligand profiling, and related domains. Suppliers tend to offer this compound as a fine, often crystalline solid, ready for direct use in medicinal chemistry investigations and analytical method development.
Taking a hands-on look at its properties, 1-[Bis(4-Fluorophenyl)Methyl]Piperazine usually crystallizes as a solid, with robust stability under ordinary storage conditions. Its molecular formula, C17H18F2N2, points to moderate molecular mass, while the two para-fluorines influence solubility and reactivity. The compound dissolves efficiently in organic solvents such as chloroform, ethyl acetate, and DMSO, thanks to its aromatic rings and piperazine group. The melting point tends to fall in a relatively high range, reflecting its rigid aromatic character. Because of fluorine’s effect, both volatility and chemical inertness rise compared to non-fluorinated analogs, giving the compound advantages in storage and formulation.
Commercial samples of 1-[Bis(4-Fluorophenyl)Methyl]Piperazine often arrive with at least 98% purity, sometimes exceeding this for pharmaceutical or analytical purposes. Labels detail the CAS number, molecular structure, empirical formula, and batch-specific information such as assay results and residual solvent content. Safety data sheets spell out storage at room temperature, away from strong acids or oxidants, highlighting both chemical stability and proper risk management. Monitoring shelf life becomes a practical matter, paralleling efforts to maintain the sample’s integrity across months or years in diverse lab environments.
Synthesis of this compound starts with the appropriate benzyl chloride derivative, usually via a Friedel–Crafts reaction to introduce the bis(4-fluorophenyl)methyl motif. Chloromethylation of bis(4-fluorophenyl)methane produces the intermediate, which then reacts with piperazine under basic conditions. Using solvents like DMF or acetonitrile and bases such as sodium carbonate or potassium carbonate, the nucleophilic substitution proceeds smoothly to give the final product. Crystallization from ethanol or ethyl acetate purifies the compound, while careful washing removes side products, a routine but crucial aspect of small-molecule synthesis in chemical research.
1-[Bis(4-Fluorophenyl)Methyl]Piperazine takes on various transformations. N-alkylation at the secondary amine opens up structural diversity, and further halogenation or functionalization at the aromatic rings explores new activity spectra. Chemists leverage Suzuki or Buchwald-Hartwig reactions to elaborate the aromatic backbone, tailoring pharmacological impact or optimizing pharmacokinetics. In metabolic studies, oxidative deamination and ring-opening pathways mimic what the compound may face in vivo, leading to a spectrum of breakdown products that can illuminate safety profiles or suggest further chemical optimization.
Catalogs and research articles refer to this compound under several names. Common synonyms include 1-(bis(4-fluorophenyl)methyl)piperazine and 4,4'-Difluorotrityl piperazine. Trade and research supply companies sometimes use abbreviated forms or proprietary codes, reflecting its presence on specialized chemical panels or screening libraries. Knowing the set of synonyms and trivial names pays off during literature searches, as database indexing sometimes lags behind naming updates.
Handling organofluorines demands respect for their unpredictable reactivity and metabolic impacts. Researchers should wear gloves and goggles, lab coats, and always work within a fume hood. Standard procedures include weighing under dry conditions and diligent waste disposal, since piperazine derivatives can sensitize skin or irritate mucous membranes. Manufacturers offer clear guidelines, rooting safety in detailed SDS sheets and practical experience—no place for shortcuts. Transport regulations list this compound as a laboratory reagent, not a bulk industrial chemical, so shipments include meticulous labeling and sturdy packaging. Laboratories document all use and disposal, tying chemical safety to both regulatory compliance and common sense.
The real value of 1-[Bis(4-Fluorophenyl)Methyl]Piperazine shows in the context of advanced drug discovery and molecular probe design. Biomedical research programs use it for SAR studies, especially in central nervous system or receptor-based screening efforts. Its structure matches several binding motifs found in antipsychotic and antihistaminic drug classes, making it a candidate for both direct evaluation and as a template for analog synthesis. Outside of medicinal chemistry, the compound appears as a reference standard in chromatographic analyses and in method validation studies aiming to fine-tune HPLC or MS detection strategies.
Teams in research labs chase the next breakthrough by tweaking the building blocks of molecules like 1-[Bis(4-Fluorophenyl)Methyl]Piperazine. Projects move beyond screening, digging into structure-activity relationships and metabolic fate under biological conditions. I’ve watched as high-throughput screening runs identify promising activity, sending chemists back to the bench to modify substituents on the aromatic or piperazine groups. Publications map out QSAR models and docking simulations that predict receptor fit and candidate efficacy. Collaborative R&D between universities and pharma companies keeps attention steady on this compound amid trends in neuropharmacology and medicinal chemistry.
No synthetic molecule can sidestep safety evaluations. Labs run cytotoxicity and genotoxicity screens on 1-[Bis(4-Fluorophenyl)Methyl]Piperazine, benchmarking against structurally similar known drugs and intermediates. In vitro bioassays measure impacts on cell lines, while ADMET profiling tracks absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity. These studies guide researchers away from problematic pathways such as the formation of reactive metabolites or receptor cross-reactivity. Sharing results, especially negative ones, promotes real transparency and supports more ethical chemistry. Documentation and publication of such data benefit the field and reinforce trust with regulators, researchers, and end-users alike.
Looking ahead, 1-[Bis(4-Fluorophenyl)Methyl]Piperazine stands poised at the intersection of synthetic chemistry and translational medicine. Structural refinements, empowered by advances in computational modeling and predictive analytics, shape next-generation scaffolds for targeted therapy. The ongoing shift to sustainable chemistry might inspire greener synthesis routes or new solvent systems, responding to both environmental and economic pressures. Progress in toxicity characterization enriches the safety toolkit, helping avoid costly failures during late-stage development. This molecule and its analogs likely remain an essential reference for drug design, bioanalytical method development, and even as a case study in training the next generation of chemists who want to combine scientific rigor with practical impact. The balanced focus on both utility and responsibility keeps this compound in the conversation for years to come.
Chemicals with names as complex as 1-[Bis(4-Fluorophenyl)Methyl]Piperazine usually pop up in news for reasons that go beyond textbooks. This compound shows up in lab reports, customs seizures, and sometimes even in the mix of substances discussed in drug policy circles. The name looks intimidating, but breaking it down reveals a piperazine core—a structure that’s been heavily explored in chemistry, medicine, and recreational drug synthesis.
Over the years, certain piperazine derivatives have gained reputation both in medical applications and in the underground world of designer drugs. In the case of 1-[Bis(4-Fluorophenyl)Methyl]Piperazine, research connects it more with the latter. Piperazine compounds can mimic or modify neurotransmitter activity in the brain. Some are developed to help researchers study brain chemistry, looking at how synthetic chemicals interact with serotonin or dopamine pathways. Law enforcement agencies, particularly in Europe, have flagged variations of these compounds for being sold online as “research chemicals” or “legal highs.”
Regulation moves slower than chemistry innovation does. New molecules skirt rules until governments catch up. I once spoke to a toxicologist who explained that every small tweak to a chemical skeleton can turn it from an unknown into a headline. In my experience writing about synthetic drugs, these compounds show up in hospital reports shortly after appearing in online shops, creating a race between users, makers, and regulators.
Nobody can honestly claim synthetic piperazines are risk-free, especially since many have never gone through clinical trials for safety. Hospitals see spikes in ER visits when a new batch hits the streets. Undocumented chemicals like 1-[Bis(4-Fluorophenyl)Methyl]Piperazine put users in dangerous territory—heart palpitations, seizures, psychosis. Even researchers looking at lab animals struggle to predict long-term risks humans might face. Data from EU drug monitoring agencies points to seizures of similar substances being linked with poisonings and medical emergencies.
Policymakers have started controlling piperazine derivatives. The problem is, once one substance gets banned, chemists produce new molecules by tweaking the formula slightly. I learned covering legislative hearings that every new compound sparks debates that pit public safety against the argument for scientific freedom.
Reliable research gives us the best shot at managing these risks. Libraries like PubChem or government reports can track what little is known, but most information comes from forensic analysis after harm has occurred. Some regulators try to cast wider nets with “analog laws,” targeting substances similar to known drugs. This strategy sometimes ensnares legitimate researchers and makes scientific progress harder.
Some labs push for open databases, tracking new compounds and sharing effects with clinicians. This could mean fewer people flying blind after exposure. Education helps too: warning users about the unknowns, not just preaching abstinence. Collaboration between chemists, lawmakers, and healthcare workers helps slow down the spread of dangerous chemicals.
With molecules like 1-[Bis(4-Fluorophenyl)Methyl]Piperazine, progress only comes from facing the issue head-on—lifting the mystery and tackling the problems with honest reporting, rapid research, and common-sense regulation.
People have always tried to push the envelope of what’s considered legal and safe. New chemicals pop up all the time, each promising something different. 1-[Bis(4-Fluorophenyl)Methyl]Piperazine might not be a household name, but it has raised some eyebrows in both science and law enforcement communities. Questions about legality come up mostly because this kind of compound floats in a sort of gray area for a lot of countries.
Laws tend to move slower than chemistry. Governments usually scramble to keep up with novel substances. Just look at how rapidly synthetic cannabinoids and cathinones made their way onto the streets, dodging bans for a while. When something like this piperazine compound comes along, authorities often play catch-up. They might not have a specific law naming it, but that doesn’t stop them from treating it under broad analog acts or similar drug legislation. For example, in the United States, the Federal Analogue Act lets law enforcement treat substances like this as controlled if they’re “substantially similar” to banned drugs in makeup or effect.
The sale and possession of these designer drugs aren’t legal just because lawmakers haven’t listed every chemical by name. Chemists change a molecule’s structure a little, and suddenly it sits just outside the letter of the law. Regulators try to recognize patterns and group these substances together—sometimes calling everything with certain rings or chains “controlled”. But without a specific listing, people start to gamble: some see a loophole, others worry about getting arrested for holding a bag the police have never seen before.
One issue comes from how information spreads online. Retailers sometimes market products like 1-[Bis(4-Fluorophenyl)Methyl]Piperazine as “research chemicals” or “not for human consumption”, hoping this fine print shields them. They might even set up shop in countries where the rules are softer, then ship packages across borders. International agencies see right through this, occasionally raiding labs or intercepting mail. Europe, the U.S., and Australia all tightened their stances on piperazine derivatives following waves of hospitalizations and deaths linked to similar compounds, even if individual laws differ by jurisdiction.
I’ve seen how fast new drugs appear and how little anyone knows about them. Just because something isn’t on a banned list doesn’t mean it’s safe or reliable. Medical professionals often say unexpected side effects catch people off guard with these lesser-known compounds. There are reports of seizures, psychological problems, and heart issues tied to drugs in the piperazine family. No quality control means people often have no clue what they’re actually taking, or what’s mixed in. The label could promise purity, but unless you’re running advanced tests yourself, that’s a leap of faith most consumers shouldn’t take.
Customs and law enforcement agencies sometimes treat possession or purchase as intent to distribute—regardless of how little someone has on hand. Courts can impose hefty penalties even for “borderline” legal chemicals. There’s a real risk of criminal records, lost jobs, or worse. Anyone thinking about buying something like this should pay attention to both national and local laws, and never trust forum advice alone. Most lawyers recommend steering clear of chemicals that sit too close to the edge of legality.
Governments probably won’t ever outpace new chemical designs, but clear laws and information can limit harm. Public health experts have seen education slow down use of risky drugs far better than scare tactics. Scientists keep cataloging new substances, but enforcement works best when people actually understand the risks. Policy could focus more on early warnings and rapid testing to clue people in about what’s circulating locally.
Until the legal and scientific communities catch up with every new name and formula, common sense goes a long way. If there’s any doubt about legality—or safety—it’s wiser to look for answers from trusted legal or medical sources before taking any chances.
1-Bis(4-Fluorophenyl)MethylPiperazine, sometimes called pFBP or even considered a designer drug, doesn’t pop up much in most household discussions. Still, it lands in research circles and, sometimes, on the street. Recognizing what can go wrong with this substance gives people a shot at keeping themselves safe, and keeps doctors on their toes.
This compound interacts with the brain, and folks have reported feeling jittery or restless. Researchers have compared some side effects to those seen in amphetamines. Raised heart rate and elevated blood pressure both show up after use, especially when someone takes more than a small dose. Sometimes the body temperature goes up, which can lead to sweating and dehydration, especially if a person already isn’t drinking enough fluids. Nausea, dry mouth, and headache have been seen too.
Extra caution is needed because feeling “stimulated” might mask more serious symptoms. Muscle tension, jaw clenching, and tremors occur, especially in stressful situations. Some users notice blurred vision or trouble with coordination, making regular tasks unsafe. Not everyone reacts the same way, but these issues can surprise people who thought they understood the risks.
The urge for euphoria or escape sometimes sends people seeking synthetic drugs. What often slips past their radar is that mood swings, irritability, or anxious feelings strike just as easily as a sense of well-being. In a few situations, psychosis or hallucinations have shown up, especially if someone took more than expected or used other substances at the same time.
Trouble sleeping or staying focused drags on long after the drug’s main effects leave the system. Friends and family may not understand why someone becomes withdrawn or erratic. Most of these symptoms can linger, and the risk goes up with repeated use.
With drugs like 1-Bis(4-Fluorophenyl)MethylPiperazine, nobody can predict all the long-term issues for sure because not enough research stretches over years. Still, patterns show up from similar compounds. Heart problems, liver or kidney strain, and even long-term memory trouble crop up in studies. Some designer drugs damage serotonin pathways in the brain, raising the odds of mental health challenges that stick around long after someone stops using.
Staying informed keeps people from becoming casualties. Open conversations help—between friends, families, and medical professionals. Testing kits and better public education save lives. In emergency rooms, doctors watch for rapid heart rates and agitation, knowing prompt care can make all the difference. Harm reduction groups hand out flyers and information instead of relying on scare tactics, pointing out warning signs before things go too far.
Policy makers might not have all the tools or data they want, but listening to doctors, researchers, and people affected by these drugs helps shape a more effective, compassionate response. Communities rally around shared experiences, and those honest stories do more than dry scientific papers when it comes to sparking change. It underscores the need for more research—and more conversations that put safety and real-life experience front and center.
In any lab, you don’t want a bottle you barely notice to become the reason for a bad day. 1-Bis(4-Fluorophenyl)Methyl Piperazine—let’s call it BFPMP for short—might not stand out like acids or oxidizers, but that doesn’t mean you toss it anywhere. From my own years around chemistry benches, I know that small details in storage keep people and supplies intact. BFPMP has traits you don’t want to ignore, and I’ve seen trouble start with the same “one bottle—what’s the harm?” thinking.
BFPMP shows more stability at low temperatures. A standard flammable cabinet at room-scale stays useful, yet the reagent will thank you for cooler storage, somewhere between 2 to 8°C if you have space. Even if your lab chiller feels full, pushing it might save a headache later. Higher temperatures mean more thermal energy for breakdown or even weird odors.
Desiccation also deserves mention. Moisture in any form nudges organic chemicals toward slow change. So, keep BFPMP containers dust-dry—never cracked open longer than necessary. That means closing it fast, not leaving it next to the sink, and refusing to dip a wet spatula in. I once saw a student dodge disaster just by spotting water condensation inside their flask. It seems like a small thing, but moisture speeds up contamination.
Many piperazines react or discolor once they meet incompatible plastics or lose their seal. BFPMP goes best in an airtight glass bottle with a PTFE (Teflon) lined cap—not rubber or soft polyethylene, which sometimes sweats solvents back into your compound. If you’ve ever opened an old plastic-capped vial and caught a whiff of mystery, that’s a warning sign. A single misstep introduces impurities or, worse, creates nasty byproducts.
A lot of labs grow cluttered over the years. But nothing spins out of control faster than a shelf lined with half-labeled jars. Label containers with receipt dates, contents, and the person who opened the bottle. These small steps make inventory checks quick and lower confusion. It only takes one accident involving the wrong substance to turn storage rules into a top priority.
Chemsafety groups like Sigma-Aldrich recommend assuming BFPMP holds moderate risk—irritation, possible toxicity on exposure, and questionable fumes. That’s not just vendor caution. Most labs work with busy people; inattention raises risk. Use secondary containment as a backup: a sealed tub or tray that catches a leak or broken vial. Routine inspection becomes easy and the chances of accidental mix-ups drop.
No freezer, fridge, or desiccator will help much if no one trains newcomers. Storage strategies work best as habits, not just rules printed in the manual. Supervisors, take time for walkthroughs—not lectures—so staff know where BFPMP sits, how to spot problems, and why a clean shelf saves lives. In a place where people cycle out each year, stories and small reminders last longer than warning stickers.
All chemicals demand respect, even compounds like BFPMP that seem routine. Watching careless habits creep in can cost money, time, or someone's health. Long storage in a cool, dry, sealed, clearly labeled, and well-monitored spot cuts loss, keeps research honest, and boils down to fewer nasty surprises. Practical storage not only protects the chemical but everyone who walks through that door.
Nobody feels comfortable working around chemicals with complicated names, and 1-[Bis(4-Fluorophenyl)Methyl]Piperazine gives good reason for that discomfort. A mouthful like that often signals a compound that isn’t meant for casual handling. Over the years, people have learned—sometimes the hard way—that ignoring safety means taking risks with your skin, lungs, and health. This kind of compound comes with hazards tied to both its structure and the uses it finds in pharmaceutical and research environments.
Fluorinated aromatic compounds often interact with the body in unpredictable ways. Simple splashes or skin exposure don’t just leave a rash; these chemicals can break the outer skin barrier and linger much longer. Many years ago, I worked in a research lab testing related chemicals, and every slip-up brought a visit to the medical office. Exposure isn’t always immediate, and delayed symptoms make it easy to drop your guard. Even short exposure leads to irritation or worse, so gloves—good quality and unbroken—never come off until after scrubbing down.
Lab coats and safety glasses don’t just look official; they serve a real purpose. Protective goggles keep dangerous splashes from catching you off-guard—one of my supervisors once had to flush her eye for a full fifteen minutes after a drop found its way past lower quality safety glasses. These moments stick with you. Wearing chemical splash goggles and sturdy gloves rated for organic solvents makes a difference.
Handwashing seems obvious, but after working around these kinds of substances, I learned to treat cleanup almost as a ritual—washing thoroughly after removing gloves, scrubbing arms if sleeves ever tug up, and cleaning work surfaces even if spills aren’t visible. Skin contact isn’t the only worry. Piperazine derivatives may release vapors, especially at elevated temperatures or during active synthesis, so chemical fume hoods are essential. Breathing in any dust or fumes from these fluorinated compounds brings real respiratory hazards.
Storing chemicals like this alongside flammable solvents or in poorly labeled containers is just asking for disaster. I recall our team carefully revising storage plans after a spill incident—sharply separated incompatible chemicals, clear signage, secondary containment for every bottle, and emergency spill kits in plain sight. The difference isn’t just in avoiding accidents; effective organization and labeled containers reduce stress, save time, and prevent tragic mix-ups.
Ventilated storage cabinets and clear labeling prevent confusion during rushed moments. Safety data sheets stay accessible, and everyone in the lab takes time to read them before starting new work—no matter how often they handle similar substances.
Sometimes, accidents still happen. Having emergency showers, eyewash stations, and clear protocols separates labs that run smoothly from those one step away from a crisis. During one memorable training, we spent time role-playing spill response, and that exercise beat every safety poster because real practice sticks. Every person handling hazardous chemicals needs drills, not just written instructions.
Working with 1-[Bis(4-Fluorophenyl)Methyl]Piperazine means more than following a checklist. Safe habits grow from repeated, careful choices. Taking shortcuts erodes trust, and nobody enjoys cleaning up after that. Smart labs build trust by supporting peer checks, open communication about near-misses, and clear encouragement to report problems before they grow. Chemical safety only lasts when everyone commits, every day.
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| Names | |
| Preferred IUPAC name | 1-[(4-fluorophenyl)-(4-fluorophenyl)methyl]piperazine |
| Other names |
GBR 12935 Vanoxerine |
| Pronunciation | /ˈwʌn bɪs ˌfloʊ.ɔːr.fəˈnɪl ˈmɛθ.əl paɪˈpɛr.əˌziːn/ |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number | 95740-42-6 |
| Beilstein Reference | 5534689 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:76206 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL15044 |
| ChemSpider | 18897072 |
| DrugBank | DB08320 |
| ECHA InfoCard | 03d4dd07-c585-44e6-97ac-cc7cabfccf69 |
| EC Number | EC 620-484-3 |
| Gmelin Reference | 112705 |
| KEGG | C18736 |
| MeSH | Dkfz MeSH string: "Piperazines |
| PubChem CID | 72511 |
| RTECS number | GV8165000 |
| UNII | J3R53M553M |
| UN number | UN3271 |
| Properties | |
| Chemical formula | C17H18F2N2 |
| Molar mass | 350.393 g/mol |
| Appearance | White solid |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Density | 1.18 g/cm³ |
| Solubility in water | slightly soluble |
| log P | 3.7 |
| Vapor pressure | 5.9E-8 mmHg at 25°C |
| Acidity (pKa) | 4.65 |
| Basicity (pKb) | 2.84 |
| Magnetic susceptibility (χ) | -73.73e-6 cm^3/mol |
| Refractive index (nD) | 1.570 |
| Dipole moment | 3.61 D |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Std molar entropy (S⦵298) | 386.6 J·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹ |
| Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298) | -5607.6 kJ/mol |
| Pharmacology | |
| ATC code | N06AX22 |
| Hazards | |
| Main hazards | H302 + H312 + H332: Harmful if swallowed, in contact with skin or if inhaled. |
| GHS labelling | GHS05, GHS07 |
| Pictograms | GHS07 |
| Signal word | Warning |
| Hazard statements | H302, H315, H319, H335 |
| Precautionary statements | P264, P280, P302+P352, P305+P351+P338, P332+P313, P337+P313 |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | 1-2-0-☢ |
| Flash point | 170°C |
| LD50 (median dose) | LD50 (median dose): 200 mg/kg (rat, oral) |
| PEL (Permissible) | PEL (Permissible Exposure Limit) data for 1-[Bis(4-Fluorophenyl)Methyl]Piperazine is not established. |
| REL (Recommended) | 80-100 mg |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds |
1-[Bis(4-chlorophenyl)methyl]piperazine 1-[Bis(4-methoxyphenyl)methyl]piperazine 1-benzylpiperazine Piberaline |
